遺傳演算法應用於圖解數化地籍套合現況之研究

Abstract

鑒於目前圖解數化地籍圖之現況套合，大多採用最小二乘平差法，其乃依據誤差平方和最小之原則，而與套圖實務上所強調的目標不同，實務上要求套圖後地籍圖之經界線與現地測量之界址點或現況點，可最多數在容許誤差範圍內，而前述經界線又包括原筆界與分割線兩類，實務上往往優先考慮原筆界其次為分割線，此原則亦無法於傳統之最小二乘平差法中考量，因此最終的套圖成果往往仍須再經人工調整。 為了改善上述問題，本研究以遺傳演算法為核心，發展一新的圖解數化地籍圖之自動化套合流程。此流程首先利用最小二乘平差法以三參數轉換模式將圖資進行概略套圖，接著將前段所述套圖實務上的要求，表達成適當的目標函數與限制式，再利用遺傳演算法以最小二乘平差法所得為初始解，進行搜尋最佳解，最後進一步在此遺傳演算法所得之最佳解的鄰近區域，以更高的解析度進行搜尋，以便作為套圖成果的驗證。另一方面針對圖幅接合的問題，本研究則再增加圖幅接合點間多數吻合與誤差平方和最小之考量。本研究並將前述流程應用於新竹地區圖解地籍圖之套合分析，結果顯示以本研究發展之自動套圖流程所得結果，比起以往最小二乘平差法，就套圖目標函數而言改善了43.2％~1.7％，並使得經界線吻合現況個數增加，本研究完成之流程，除了符合以往套圖實務上之要求外，並可望實現電腦輔助套圖，進而減少以往的人工調整，從而大幅提高套圖之品質與效率。

Given the current situation of digital cadastral map overlapping with field survey results, They often use the least squares adjustment method, The principle is the smallest sum of squared errors ,This theory can not make the maximum number of the cadastral maps overlapping with the field measurement results can meet the tolerable error, In addition,the cadastral line into two categories,including The original line and the Subsequent increase line•Practice map overlay is often considered the principles, The first is the original line, Followed by subsequent increase of the line, These principles can not be applied in the traditional least squares method, So the final solution, Then the results are often need to be adjusted manually. To improve these problems, In this study, the genetic algorithm as a core, Develops automation process of a new digitize Graphical cadastral map matching with field survey result . This process first to the least squares method with three-parameter Transformation to the initial data will be converted to the approximate coordinates, And then,Applied to genetic algorithms in a given context, Search for optimal solution, Finally, The use of high resolution for search in the vicinity of the optimal solution, In order to verify the results•On the other hand for the map sheet bonding problems, This study also considers most of the overlap graph junction and Minimum sum of squared errors. In this study, the process used in the Hsinchu area of graphical cadastral map overlay analysis，The results show that the mentioned approach than least squares method, which will increase from 43.2to1.7percent of the objective function value, And makes the number increased by the lines overlap with the field survey result，In addition to meeting the principles of the previous Practice, And is expected to achieve computer-aided overlay map could thus significantly improve the quality and efficiency•