以GC/MS偵測高科技工業區內空氣中揮發性有機物濃度之研究

Abstract

隨著工商業快速發展，有機溶劑的使用將日益增加而大量的揮發性有機物經由工廠運作過程中排放至大氣中，將對人類健康產生不良的影響。所以對於揮發性有機物的監測與污染排放管制是重要的環保課題。 從過去國內外文獻整理，得知揮發性有機物排放來源與種類複雜，所以在制定控制管理策略時需充分考量。本研究在新竹科學園區工廠周界(3點)及鄰近人口聚集處(1點)，進行空氣中揮發性有機物之採樣，以瞭解揮發性有機物排放源的分析。本研究利用採樣泵與吸附管進行採樣，選用Tenax-TA 吸附劑(60-80mesh)作為採樣介質進行周界採樣，採樣分析方法則使用熱脫附儀與氣相層析質譜儀來分析空氣中的揮發性有機物。由結果的分析得知此種方法可定性定量的追蹤動態行為，更充分瞭解揮發性有機物逸散的狀況。 根據研究結果顯示，在規劃的區域中，共量測到20餘種化合物，在本研究主要分析項目中，最常分析到的前3種揮發性有機物分別為丙酮(Acetone，平均濃度11.76ppbv)、乙苯(Ethylbenzene，平均濃度12.90ppbv)、間/對-二甲苯(m/p-xylene，平均濃度9.12ppbv)等。經比對產業特性後，可發現所測結果與產業特性具有正相關性。另就採樣期間揮發性有機物濃度在夜間場所普遍高於白天；以及經由苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯(BTEX)之比值顯示，在高樓層平台採樣點處所採集之VOCs為工廠本身排放所產生影響因素較大。

As high tech industry develops fast, most volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted to the air from the processes operating in the plants. If we use more organic solvents, the pollutant emissions will be continuously increased and affect human health. Therefore, The VOCs emission control is one of the most important studies of environmental protection. From the literature data, we know that the sources of VOCs are very complex. In this study, it is intended to monitor the ambient VOCs concentrations in the Hsinchu Science Park and correlate them to possible sources. Three sites around the boundary of the factories and one site at nearby residential area were selected as the VOCs sampling sites. The VOCs samples were collected at different periods of time with 60-80mesh Tenax-TA absorbent and then analyzed by the GC/MS method. From the results, it is known that this method can trace the emission dynamics qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that more than 20 VOCs could be detected in different areas of Hsinchu Science Park. Acetone (average concentration=11.76ppbv), Ethylbenzene (average concentration=12.90ppbv) and m/p-xylene (average concentration=9.12ppbv) are the top three VOCs in these sampling areas. The results show an obvious linkage between analytical results and materials used in these factories. For instance, the concentrations of VOCs during the night were generally higher than those during the day. The analyses of BTEX ratio also reveals that the measured concentrations of VOCs were majorly come from the industrial emissions.