結晶性高分子及聚摻物在電場下之影響

Abstract

聚合物內部的高次結構對於其成品的成形效果與成品特性影響巨大，本研究除了探討在射出成形過程中的熱與力學效應對於結晶性、液晶性高分子以及結晶性/非結晶性聚摻物成形品的高次構造影響，更進一步利用電場施加在成形中的材料以完成成形試驗，來探討成形品中的球晶等高次構造之形成特性。 本研究以電場作為外加之能量場，在具有微米尺度微結構之射出成形模具的兩側加入絕緣之電極，並於射出成形時施加電場。在LDPE的射出成形實驗中，通過偏光顯微鏡(POM)的觀察，發現不論模溫高低，電場皆能有效且明顯的加速成核並使球晶尺寸縮小；在PC/ABS的射出成形實驗中，利用POM觀察發現電場能使PC在聚摻物中產生配向行為；在LCP的射出成形中則藉由測量硬度之改變來確知電場對LCP的內部結構產生了影響。

The superstructure of polymer is crucial to the molding characteristics and service performance if polymer products. On this thesis, effects of temperature and stress on the superstructure of the molded products of PE, LCP, and PC/ABS were investigated. Moreover, an electric field perpendicular to the filling direction of the mold cavity was employed to apply to the molding polymers, and the effects of electric field on the forming of superstructures such as spherulite were studied too. On this thesis, electric field is an external energy field for injection molding. The isolate electrodes are inserted into the mold for injection molding which has micro-scale structures and they apply electric field when injection molding. Superstructure investigations of the molded microstructures-parts obtained from the experiments were conducted by using a polarizing microscope and electron microscopes. Experimental results show that electric field can facilitate PE crystals to form spherules; even it can alter the stereo chemical structure of the spherules. Moreover, for PC/ABS containing high-permittivity component, electric field can effect orientation. In the experiment of injection molding using PC/LCP blends, by hardness testing, we have found that the electric field of the LCP have an impact on the internal structure.