标题: 利用声音回馈警示于增加驾驶者清醒程度的影响
Effects of Auditory Feedback on Increasing Drivers' Alertness
作者: 陈建安
Chen, Jian-Ann
林进灯
Lin, Chin-Teng
生医工程研究所
关键字: 瞌睡;声音警示;脑电波;α频带;θ频带;时域频域分析;独立成份分析;drowsiness;auditory warning;electroencephalograph (EEG;alpha band;theta band;time frequency analysis;independent component analysis (ICA)
公开日期: 2008
摘要: 驾驶者分心被普遍认为是导致车祸事故的主要原因。使用合适的警示刺激或许可降低注意力上的失误,或者有效的避免灾难性的后果。过去许多研究也都曾指出声音回馈警示明显有助于改善实验任务的表现,但行为程度上的改变到底可反应多少大脑的动态改变还未清楚。而这个研究探讨的是,当受测者显示出短暂瞌睡的认知状态时,给予受测者声音警示刺激后的相关神经反应。共有十一位受测者参与此虚拟实境的开车实验。藉由虚拟环境下的事件相关开车偏移任务以模拟长时间的公路驾驶,并且脑电波的长期与暂态变化会透过独立讯号分析、时域频域转换、及无母数统计检定等方法进行分析比较。结果显示,声音警示刺激不仅可加速反应时间,而且还可使驾驶者恢复到较清醒的精神状态。此外利用声音警示以降低驾驶者的瞌睡层度的效果可大约持续10秒钟左右。未来可针对不同的声音刺激方法,或者甚至结合不同的声音刺激形态应用在未来的研究上。
Driver inattention was widely attributed as a leading cause of car accidents. Using appropriate stimulating warnings might considerably reduce the lapses of attention and in turn, effectively avoid catastrophic consequences. Several studies have reported that the auditory feedback could contribute significantly to improving task performance. To what extent such behavioral changes could reflect on what already altered in the brain dynamics was unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the neural correlates of arousing signals delivered to subjects when they suffered from momentary cognitive drowsiness. Eleven subjects participated in virtual-reality (VR)-based highway driving experiments. The event-related lane-departure task was used in the VR environment to simulate the long-term high way driving and the task-related EEG spectral dynamics in terms of tonic and phasic changes were analyzed using independent component analysis, time-frequency and non-parametric statistical assessments. Results demonstrated the warning sounds can accelerate the response time and partially inhibit the drowsiness related brain oscillations. Furthermore, the effects of warning sounds on reducing the driver’s drossiness could sustain at least for 10 sec. In the future, methods to refine the characteristics the warning sounds and the combination with other warning modalities are needed for further studies.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079630504
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/42750
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