教育國際化與我國高中國際教育之研究

Abstract

全球化帶動了國際教育及全球教育的迅速發展。面臨全球化的強大考驗，世界各國之國際教育之趨勢也延伸至高中領域當中，並成為當代教育的重要理念與趨勢之一。台灣亦於2010年公布《中小學國際教育白皮書》，本研究欲以我國之高中國際教育為議題，透過分析世界先進國家分別為美、英、日、澳與台灣的國際教育政策，進而聚焦至台灣國際教育領導學校之實施經驗，以了解台灣高中國際教育發展現況並提供推行上之建議。本研究係採理論分析、文件分析、歷史研究、訪談與比較研究法，從教育國際化之理論探討美、英、日、澳與台灣的國際教育政策及其理念，並以訪談法深入了解《中小學國際教育白皮書》中所羅列之領導學校的推行經驗，並綜合研究結果為我國高中實行國際教育提出具體可行之建議與參考。 研究結果顯示美國的國際教育政策多以提升國家影響力與科學實力為優先考量，並透過國際教育以深耕經濟影響力；英國高度致力國際教育在海外的推廣，企圖藉由國際教育提升國家經濟實力以奠定國際地位；日本和我國一樣是非英語系國家，提倡以民族主義為基石之國際教育，避免國際交流淪為盲目地崇洋媚外；澳洲則以國際教育視為營利產業，試圖透過各項政策吸引來自世界各地的學生，以增加收益。至於我國高中國際教育之推行，從領導學校的推行經驗中歸納出其關鍵要素為辦學者對國際教育的重視，其次為學校的地理位置、經費和教師的配合度與專業知能，共五要點；且公立與私立高中在推行上亦有其異同之處。另外，國際教育要在高中扎根，必須和課程作結合；應從學校本位課程出發，審慎考量學校定位與特色，將國際教育融入學校本位課程中，以達成全校師生共識，以降低推行阻力。

The thesis primarily concentrates on internationalization of education and International Education in senior high schools in Taiwan. With the increasing impact of globalization, many countries in the world start carrying out International Education or Global Education in schools. Taiwan published White Paper on International Education for Primary and Secondary Schools in 2011 as well. In order to penetrate the policy making and facilitate the practice in senior high schools in Taiwan, the thesis employs qualitative method to examine the development of the policy in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Japan so that the content of the policy would be analyzed and the ideology would be perceived. As to Taiwan’s current situation, it would be observed through interviews with leading schools listed in A White Paper on International Education for Primary Schools and Secondary Schools. By integrating the analysis, suggestions regarding policy making and practice on International Education would be provided to Taiwan's related governments and senior high schools. The findings of this study are the abovementioned four countries’ international education policies in senior high schools, and the underlying ideology. As to Taiwan’s International Education, the findings are the key elements of motivating International Education in senior high schools: principal’s strong leadership, the location of the campus, financial subsidy, teachers’ cooperation and professional knowledge. International Education should be integrated into school’s curriculum to reach the consistency of teaching goals and principles. Future research may examine the effect of International Education and how to improve the outcome in Taiwan.