使用多維量化回授調變於 永磁同步馬達控制

Abstract

本論文以多維量化回授調變(MDFQM)作為理論設計基礎，發展出全新的三相馬達調變技術來控制三相永磁同步馬達，本論文所提出的方法有別於目前廣泛使用的空間向量調變(SVPWM)，即由基本空間向量組合出三相輸入電壓的做法，而是在受限的切換向量空間中，計算出最佳化的切換向量，使得所測量到的量化誤差達至最小。同時因為此量化誤差經低通濾波，對參考訊號追蹤誤差產生雜訊塑形(Noise Shaping)的效果。本方法經二維投影後實現所需之計算簡單，因此本論文將其以軟體實現於低成本之16位元微控器中，實驗的比較項目包括穩態速度漣波、輸出訊號之切換次數、以及功率電晶體之工作表面溫度變化。實驗證明MDFQM相較於SVPWM，在同樣的速度控制誤差情況下具有較低之切換次數，這使得系統減少切換損失以及功率電晶體之熱消耗，提升控制效率以及增加驅動級電路的可靠度與壽命。

This thesis proposes a novel control method for three phase permanent magnet synchronous motor using multi-dimensional feedback quantization modulation (MDFQM). Unlike the conventional space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) which achieves three phase input voltage by a combination of the basic space vectors, the proposed scheme computes optimal switching commands to minimize the filtered measure of quantization error under the constrained switching vector space. Further, the filtered quantization error feedback produces the effect of noise shaping. The computation effort of this method can be reduced via a 2-D projection. Therefore, an implementation on a 16-bit microcontroller is demonstrated in this thesis. Comparisons with SVPWM on steady-state speed ripple, switching number and the surface temperature of MOSFETs are conducted. The results show that MDFQM reduces the switching number and the heat dissipation of MOSFETs without increasing the speed ripple. This will enhance the control efficiency and increase the reliability and life of the power stage circuit.