集水區泥砂運移概念模式探討分析

Abstract

本研究旨在發展一集水區泥砂遞移概念模式，以分析坡地泥砂遞移率與控制點泥砂產量。此概念模式首先將集水區細分成眾多網格，並以地文參數為基礎，利用最大坡降法建立坡地水砂運移路徑。接著藉由崩塌模式推估坡地泥砂來源(忽略地表沖蝕)，搭配以線性水庫概念建構的坡地泥砂遞移模式，進行坡地泥砂推移與控制點泥砂產量分析。 本研究先以設計案例進行集水區測試模式模擬結果之合理性。再將此概念模式應用於石門水庫，以艾利颱風事件為例，估算集水區坡地泥砂遞移率與控制點之泥砂產量(歷線)及粒徑分佈。

The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual model to analyze the sediment delivery ratios and sediment yield in watershed.The key concept of the model is to divide watershed into numerous grids and use the maximum slope method to establish the migration paths of sediment based on physiographic parameters. Then, a landside model is used to estimate the sediment inflow (neglect surface erosion). In conjunction with the model of the sediment delivery ratio of slope constructed by following the linear reservoir concept, the movement of sediment and the sediment yield in watershed can be first was examined analysed. This conceptual model was tested on the basis of hypothetically designed cases to examine its reliabitity. The conceptual model was then applied to Shihmen Reservoir watershed during Typhoon Aere to estimate the sediment delivery ratio of the watershed , the sediment yield of the control point (sediment hydrograph), and the distribution of the diameter of sediment particles.