機車駕駛人防衛性駕駛能力量測與影響因素之研究

Abstract

國內機車駕駛人涉入事故比例高，然而許多交通事故是可以預先避免的，防衛性駕駛能力可定義為事先預防事故發生的能力。本研究嘗試以不同情境設計並發展「防衛性駕駛能力」量表，並利用試題反應理論中之Rasch模式進行試題難度與受測者防衛性駕駛能力之量測，以量測機車駕駛人之防衛性駕駛能力，並探討其影響因素。本研究以台北市機車駕駛人為實證研究對象，研究結果顯示受測者較容易忽略起步時的潛在風險，男性、年長、每日使用機車時間長、騎乘年資高、對駕駛技術有自信的機車駕駛人均具有較高的防衛性駕駛能力，而防衛性駕駛能力則與事故經驗存在負向之相關。本研究建議應透過教育與宣導加強機車駕駛人之防衛性駕駛觀念，以增進機車駕駛人之行車安全。

This study was conducted to develop an inventory to measure motorcyclists’ defensive driving ability and its affecting factor. The risky situations encountered by motorcyclists when riding motorcycles were collected and designed as the items of the inventory, and 846 motorcyclists in Taipei were interviewed through face-to-face survey for empirical study purpose. The Rasch model was then applied to estimate the parameters for both the item difficulty and person ability. The study result showed that motorcyclists are likely to neglect the potential risk when starting their motorcycles. Moreover, it also indicated that those with higher defensive driving ability have the following characteristics: male, elder, longer riding time per day, more experience and more confidence. Contrarily, relationship between defensive driving ability and experiences of accidents is negative. In conclusion, for enhancement of safety, the concept about defensive driving ability should be educated and advertised.