标题: 指向性感测网路上有效确保时间性覆盖之感测器布署以及其物体监控之应用
Efficient Deployment Schemes of Rotatable, Directional (R&D) Sensors to Achieve Temporal Coverage of Objects and its Applications
作者: 陈勇甫
Chen, Yung-Fu
曾煜棋
Tseng, Yu-Chee
资讯科学与工程研究所
关键字: 指向性感测器;转动;监测系统;时间性覆盖;无线感测器网路;directional sensor;rotation;surveillance system;temporal coverage;wireless sensor network
公开日期: 2009
摘要: 于诸多无线感测器网路的应用中,由于应用需求或是设备限制,感测器之感测幅度为扇形范围。此外,辅以器械的帮助,如步进马达,这些感测器便可透过旋转来覆盖其周围的目标物,这类型的感测器被称为旋转式指向性(R&D)感测器。在论文中,我们考虑R&D感测器的布署问题,其决定如何放置最少数的R&D感测器,以符合覆盖特定物体的条件,如此每个目标物皆可为δ-time covered,其中0 < δ ≤ 1。若在一段固定的周期时间T里,目标物可被一个感测器覆盖至少达到δT时间,则可称此目标物为δ-time covered。R&D感测器的布署问题是NP-hard,因此我们提出了两个有效的探索法,第一个方法为最大覆盖布署(MCD)演算法,其核心在于布署感测器以覆盖最多的目标物;第二个方法为圆盘重叠覆盖布署(DOD)演算法,利用处理感测器覆盖范围间的重叠问题,以降低感测器的数目。模拟实验中,针对不同目标物分布情形可显示出各方法的有效性。此外,为了实证本篇论文所提出的时间性覆盖模型之特性,我们利用R&D感测器开发一个事件导向视觉监控系统,于此系统中,R&D感测器利用红外线侦测与摄影机来定期地监测目标物,当目标物失窃时,侦测到的感测器会回报含有快照细节的警告讯息给使用者。
In many wireless sensor applications, sensors may possess sector-like sensing coverage due to application requirements or equipment constraints. In addition, with the help of machinery such as stepper motors, these sensors can rotate to cover the objects around them. This type of sensor is called a rotatable, directional (R&D) sensor. In the paper, we consider the R&D sensor deployment problem, which determines how to place the minimum number of R&D sensors to cover a given set of objects, such that each object can beδ-time covered, where 0 < δ ≤ 1. In particular, an object is said to beδ-time covered if during a fixed period T, the object can be covered by one sensor for at leastδT time. The R&D sensor deployment problem is NP-hard and we thus propose two efficient heuristics. The first heuristic, called the maximum covering deployment (MCD) algorithm, always places sensors such that the maximum number of objects can be covered. On the other hand, the second heuristic, called the disk-overlapping deployment (DOD) algorithm, exploits the overlap between sensors’ coverage to save sensors. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed heuristics under different distributions of objects. Moreover, to demonstrate the feasibility of our temporal coverage model, we develop an event-based visual surveillance system by R&D sensors. In this system, objects are periodically monitored by R&D sensors equipped with infrared detectors and cameras. When one object is taken away, the monitoring sensor will report a warning message along with the detailed snapshots to the user.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT079755562
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/45907
显示于类别:Thesis


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