如何利用職務輪調以改善員工排休假之個案研究

Abstract

過去數年來由於產業經濟環境的變遷，國內傳統產業外移情形嚴重，傳統貨運公司業務的競爭更形激烈，公司經營的毛利逐漸降低，因此成本的管控愈形重要；大多數傳統產業均是勞力密集的作業型態，人力費用佔公司經營成本的比重極高，因此如何以既有的人力，繜節人力成本，在維持服務品質不變的原則下，降低工時提昇人力產值，乃是各主要企業的重要課題。 本研究以國內運輸業C公司為例，其具有一般傳統產業所具備的特性，即勞力密集度高，且工時長，為了突破此一癥結，C公司乃積極研擬有效的解決方案，藉以達成制度化的排休管理；因此未來員工必須面對的問題是，員工需具備相關能力，以備在不同的單位間工作輪調，以符合人力彈性運用。如何利用輪調制度，以期達到降低工時，並得以增加排休假。 公司藉著職務輪調以增加排休的最終目標，同時也策略性地完成人力養成計劃，讓組織漸漸形成一個學習型的組織，讓員工學習自我發展，並相互競爭，這是發展工作輪調一個重要的氛圍；因此個案公司得以藉此達成其主要的目的（一）檢視多能工的培育狀況，（二）員工間是否具備完整的能力，而可完全互為代理，及（三）改善員工排休，以降低工時。 本研究提出之分析架構為：（一）職務輪調（二）人力彈性運用（三）多能工培育（四）職務代理人（五）正職核心非核心人力（六）彈性工時，藉此解析C公司如何藉由職務輪調制度的應用以期達到預期效果，即降低工時並增加排休，並藉以提昇公司形象。

For the economic environment vicissitude in the past several years, the domestic traditional industry had moved out seriously. The competition of traditional freight transportation corporate business was more intense. The gross profit of company had reduced gradually. Therefore, the cost control was more important for company. The majority traditional industries were labor force crowded work and the manpower expense was taken extremely high proportion of the company operation cost. Therefore, how to save the manpower cost, maintain service quality with invariable principle, reduce the working hours and improve the output value of work force are each main enterprise's important topics. This research chose domestic transportation industry C Company as an example. It has the characteristics which the general traditional industries had: highly work force denseness, long working-hour. In order to break through these bottle necks, the staffs will have to face the issues in the future which are must have the correlation ability to deal with different units between the rotation moves and to be flexible of working force arrangement under company’s conformance. In job rotation, hopes to reduce the work hours and increase the rest days. By job rotation, company achieves the ultimate target of increase the rest days and strategic complete talent pool program at the same time and makes company change to become one learning organization, in which employees could develop their skill and compete to each other. This is an important atmosphere to deliver job rotation program. Therefore C Company tries to achieve the targets of: (1) exam the status of multi-skill (2) exam if employees are capable to be the deputy of others (3) improve the situation of the leaving arrangement to reduce the working hours. The analysis construction proposed in this research includes: (1) Job rotation (2) Flexible of working force arrangement (3) Multi-Skill training (4) Core competence establish (5) Deputy system (6) Flexible working hour. And analyzes how C Company takes advantage to achieve the anticipated effect by job rotation, reduce the working hours and increase the leave arrangement and promote corporate image.