基於倒階法則之積分型順滑模態控制應用於可變速風力發電機

Abstract

風力發電系統如何有效的擷取風能及以高轉換效率產生電力，主要關鍵在於葉片的設計與使發電機在風速變動下運轉於最佳轉換效率速度。本研究使用積分型順滑模態控制配合倒階法則，做為永磁同步發電機之可變速度風力系統的控制策略，利用倒階控制的特性確保系統的漸近穩定(Asymptotically stable)，並有良好的追蹤特性。在風速變動不穩定的環境中，作為風力發電機的控制器有效控制風力發電機運轉速度。另配合積分型順滑模態控制，對於外界的干擾和系統參數不確定性加強系統的強健性，使系統能快速的隨著風速改變轉速，並且有效的抑制外界的干擾，使發電機輸出功率更加穩定確保發電品質。本研究完成控制器的設計，使用直流馬達驅動發電機作為實驗平台，利用DSP作為控制器產生PWM訊號，驅動IPM模組，達成轉速控制，並與傳統PI控制器比較優缺點。

To capture wind energy effectively and transfer to electric power efficiently, the design of the blades and the wind turbine running at optimum speed under wind speed variation are the key issues. This study uses the integral-type sliding mode via backstepping control of variable-speed wind turbine as variable speed wind power system control strategy. By using the characteristics of backstepping control to ensure that the system is asymptotically stable also in good speed tracking characteristics. The wind turbine system using proposed integral-type sliding mode control is robustness to system parameter uncertainties and outside interference. This control strategy manipulates the wind power generator effectively at operating speed in the unstable environment of the variable wind speed. The system can quickly alter the generator velocity to cope with the wind speed, and also perform inhibition of outside interference, so that the generator output power is more stable to ensure power generation quality. This thesis designs the Integral-Type sliding mode controller with backstepping approach to control the velocity of wind power generator, and compares the advantages and disadvantages with the PI controller. The system using DC motor drives the permanent magnet synchronous generator as an experimental platform. And using DSP F2812 to implement the control algorithm and generates PWM signals to drive the IPM(Intelligent power modular) and generator.