以情感事件理論檢視高科技產業工程師於職場中所面臨的工作壓力

Abstract

本研究援引Weiss及Cropanzan 1996年提出的情感事件理論 (Affective Events Theory, AET)，檢視高科技工程師在職場中所面臨的工作壓力、情緒反應及溝通策略。透過深度訪談與問卷調查法，共獲得91則工作壓力事件，挑戰型壓力事件包括「工作量」、「工作要求」、「工作複雜度」、「時間壓力」及「組織外但與組織相關因素」，阻礙型壓力則包含「角色模糊」、「公司政策」、「性別歧視」、「升遷管道╱加薪」及「同儕衝突」。挑戰型壓力引發較高程度的激發性、緊繃性、消極性與自省性情緒，阻礙型壓力產生較高程度的攻擊性情緒；外控人格者有較高程度的緊繃性、攻擊性與自省性情緒；女性面對阻礙型壓力時會產生較高程度的攻擊性情緒，男性面臨挑戰型壓力時有較高程度的攻擊性情緒；攻擊性情緒越高越可能採取強勢溝通，消極性情緒越薄弱越可能採取交換溝通，但大多數時候高科技工程師多傾向選擇理性溝通。於此，本研究僅部分驗證情感事件理論。

This study adopted the affective events theory as the theoretical framework to examine the relationship among job stress, emotion and communication strategies. This study conducted 30 intensive interviews on high-tech engineers in Taiwan and 91 emotional events regarding job stress were collected. The data analysis shows that the events resulting in challenging stress included work loads, work requirements, work complexity, and time pressure. The events resulting in hindrance stress included role ambiguity, company policy, gender discrimination, evaluation and interpersonal conflicts. This study found that differenent types of stresses were associated with different emotions, which in turn were related to the use of different communication strategies. More specifically, this study found that when encountering hinderance stress, female engineers tended to have offensive emotion, which resulted to the use of an assertive strategy, While, male engineers tended to have offensive emotion when they encountered challenge stress. More details were discussed in the thesis.