江毓珊聲樂演唱會 含輔助文件 康明思與美國藝術歌曲─以杜克、霍伊比、阿爾簡多、杭德利、馬斯托作品為例

Abstract

約翰•杜克（John Duke, 1899-1984）、理•霍伊比（Lee Hoiby, 1926-2011）、多明尼克•阿爾簡多（Dominick Argento, 1927-）、理查•杭德利（Richard Hundley, 1931-），以及約翰•馬斯托（John Musto, 1954-）皆為美國當代重要的作曲家，每位作曲家的創作手法與譜曲技巧皆各有特色。筆者分別選了四首康明思（e. e. cummings, 1894-1962）詩作，皆來自不同的詩集，包括〈在恰恰春天〉、〈瑪姬、蜜莉、茉莉與梅〉、〈當花兒的小臉蛋從大地冒出〉、〈誰知道月亮也許是顆汽球〉等，每一首詩均有兩位作曲家的譜曲創作。 本研究首先針對詩人康明思之生平及寫作特色，以及五位代表作曲家的生平作扼要的介紹，接著將論文的主要論述著重於八首美國藝術歌曲之研究與比較。本文將以詩詞為出發點，探討詩詞跟音樂的關係，藉由同樣選自康明思詩作的美國藝術歌曲，研究與比較作曲家之間的音樂語言。希望從研究的過程中，對樂曲有更深入的理解與認識，並提供演唱者詮釋的相關資訊。

John Duke (1899-1984), Lee Hoiby (1926-2011), Dominick Argento (1927-), Richard Hundley (1931-) and John Musto (1954-) are America’s most distinguished contemporary composers, who have varied text-setting techniques. I choose four e. e. cummings’ poems which come from different collections, including “in Just-”, “maggie and milly and molly and may”, “when faces called flowers float out of the ground”, “who knows if the moon’s”. Each poem was used by two composers as their song texts. The study begins with a brief introduction to the biography and writing characteristics of cummings and the above five composers, followed by an in-depth study and analysis of eight American art songs. Based on the poems, the study also examines the relationships between the poetry and the music by the different composers. Hopefully, this study can provide suggestions for interpretation of the songs, as well as enable further understanding of American art songs.