人格特質與認知能力對創業傾向影響之研究

Abstract

本研究主要探討台灣中小企業之創業家及上市公司經營管理之高階主管之創業傾 向。目的在探討人格特質及認知能力是否對創業傾向有所影響及交互作用。本研究樣本 以上市公司經營管理之高階主管及中小企業創業家為主，問卷量表共發放400 份，由其 中挑出244 份有效問卷來檢測假說。 資料分析採用階層迴歸分析。研究結果發現，人格特質及認知能力對創業傾向皆有 顯著正向影響。在人格特質及認知能力的交互作用方面，以人格特質（含開放性、情緒 穩定性、勤勉性及冒險傾向）與認知能力（含模糊忍受度、環境敏感度及直覺思考）對 創業傾向（含創業興趣、創業能耐及創業行動）只有部份呈正向、負向顯著影響。 本研究焦點在於台灣中小企業之創業家及上市公司經營管理之高階主管，本研究亦 祈能對創業傾向之相關研究及創業家的自我創業傾向評估能帶來些許貢獻。

This study focuses on the trends of the entrepreneurship of entrepreneurs of SMEs（Small middium enterprise）and the senior management of listed companies in Taiwan. The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether personality traits and cognitive ability will tend to have interactions each other. The major target sample of population is mainly from the entrepreneurs and senior management of listed companies. There are 400 copies of questionaries and 244 vilid questionaries are selected to test the hypothsis.

Data are analyzed by using hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that both of the main effects of personality and cognitive ability existed significant positive influence on the entrepreneurial orientation. There are only a few interactions showed positive, negative significant impact amoung personality to personality traits of openness and cognitive ability, emotional qualitative, diligence, and tendency to take rishs and the fuzzy tolerance of cognitive abilities, environmental sensitivity, the intuition to the tend of Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial action, only some are positive, negative significant impact.

This study focuses on SMEs entrepreneurs and senior management executives listed companies in Taiwan. The findings can contribute to the researches of the entrepreneurship and the self-assessment for those who have the entrepreneurs tend.