危機公司與會計師查核意見之研究

Abstract

本研究探討財務危機公司會計師查核意見及財務比率變化之相關性。選取樣本公司187 家，觀察值561，研究期間為1998 至2010 年，先分析危機公司背景資訊及會計師查核意見，再以電子工業之危機公司為樣本，分析危機公司於財務危機當年度至前三年度之流動比率、負債對股東權益比率、股東權益報酬率及應收帳款週轉率變化情形。分析結果發現1.會計師查核意見係根據危機公司提供支持繼續經假設證據之合理性及適當性，並依據一般公認審計準則公報第16 號之要求，予以出具查核意見，故財務危機與會計師查核意見之關連性低。2.危機公司之前述財務比率愈接近財務危機時點，計算結果愈糟，故由財務比率之變化得知財務危機之可能高於會計師查核意見。

This research is mainly focus on the correlation between financial ratio and CPA opinion of financially distressed company. Select 561 observation samples from total 187 companies and observation period covered from 1998 to 2010. At first, after reviewing all selected companies' background and CPA opinions. We found that major industry of financially distressed companies is Electric industry. Thus we target financially distressed companies in electric industry to further identify if any correlation exists between CPA opinion and financial ratios (including current ratio, liabilities and shareholders' equity ratio, return on equity, and accounts receivable turnover ratio) of last 3 years before crisis of selected companies. The depth analysis leads 2 observations. First one, accordance with GAAS No.16 requirements issued by the auditors 'opinion, it is low relationship with the financially distressed company and the CPA' opinions. Second, the financial ratios are getting worse when it got closed to the crisis. According to the observations we may have the conclusion: the possibilities we may notice a company’s financial trouble from financial ratios is higher than through CPA's opinions.