企業產品足跡暨碳標準管理模式之研究

Abstract

溫室效應使全球暖化現象，在近幾年來日益嚴重，能源價格高漲，企業因燃燒而排放的二氧化碳，將使地球暖化，人類活動中排放了大量的二氧化碳。許多企業開始提倡「節能減碳」，使得量化溫室氣體的碳足跡計算更受重視，國內外也開始倡導產品外標示碳標籤，不斷思考如何為地球減少一份負擔，如何挽救日益惡化的全球氣候，目的是希望消費者能以碳足跡為比較基礎，做出減緩溫室效應衝擊等有利於環境的選擇。

湯馬斯•佛里曼(2008)在「世界又熱、又平、又擠」中提到的又熱，指的是全球暖化造成地球氣侯變遷；又平，談的是新興國家掘起，更多的人過著像美國人一樣的生活，造成能源耗竭；又擠，是近世紀人口快速的膨脹。這三項問題如同時發生，也可能造成地球動盪不安、危機重重，我們只有一個地球，如何讓它更環保、讓地球得以永續發展，將是二十一世紀人類最大的挑戰。

本研究主旨在評估出依產品生命週期中，透過XCS(學習分類元系統)理論分析，將企業產品於產品生命週期中進行基因染色體之定義，並以法規定義過瀘資料，以達分析各產品於生命週期中二氧化碳減量效益。藉由所建立之評估模式，計算出減碳效益及針對產品生命週期碳排放量分析。其結果可提供各企業單位了解，產品生命週期中，各產品之排碳數據，可作未來總體減碳目標計算及產品相關減碳政策訂定之參考。對於其它企業者，也可提供衡量自身產品計算之方法，可做為未來發展產品減碳技術之利基。

The greenhouse brought increasingly serious effect on global warming in recent years. As a result, the price of energy rises significantly. Carbon emissions from enterprises will make global warming and human activities also generate a lot of carbon emissions. Consequently, more and more companies began to promote the action of "carbon reduction" and implement a quantitative measurement of the greenhouse gases carbon footprint. In the light of this policy, both domestic and imported products are labeled with carbon labels. How to reduce of burden planet and save the deteriorating global climate becomes continuously important issue. The purpose is to help consumers compare the carbon footprint and make other options beneficial to the environment and slow global warming effect.

In the work of Thomas Friedman (2008) - "hot, flat and crowded", hot refers to the Earth's climate changes caused by global warming; and flat, means more and more people experience the same life as the Americans with the increasing more emerging countries that results in energy depletion; and crowded means rapid population expansion in the last century. If these three problems occur simultaneously, that may cause the earth in turmoil and crisis. How to make the only one planet we have more environmentally friendly and with more sustainable way of growth will be the greatest humanity's challenges in twenty-first century

The main purpose of this study is assessing the product life cycle through XCS theoretical analysis. The enterprise products in the product life cycle are defined with chromosomal genes and filtered by the defined regulation so as to achieve the reduction of carbon in the life cycle of each product. By the data analysis, the assessment model is used to calculate the efficiency of carbon reduction for the product life-cycle analysis. The data of carbon emissions of the product in life cycle can be used for future applications. That can be used to achieve overall carbon reduction targets and implement product-related carbon reduction policy. For other companies, our approach can also provide a measure tool for their product analysis. It can be used as a foundation for developing carbon reduction technologies.