客家地區農村年輕力量之研究-以新竹縣北埔鄉南埔村為例

Abstract

南埔村是一個傳統的客家農村，不僅保存豐富的客家文化，並建構所謂「黃金水鄉」的農村意象。在村長及社區發展協會共同努力下，展現凝聚村民共識的力量，不僅完成百年水圳的整修，更於2010年成為全國第一個通過農村再生計畫的示範農村社區，不僅獲得總統親自蒞臨瞭解，更成為全國各地農村參訪觀摩的社區。 近年來國內的農村盛行無毒與有機的農業耕作方式，傳統農業也逐步轉型成為休閒農業，進而吸引年輕人回鄉甚至移民農村，實際當起農夫或是選擇半農半X的務農生活。南埔村也有幾位年輕農夫，他們不僅實現打造自給自足的農夫夢想，更逐漸負起找回農村原始土地風貌的責任。他們將新的農村耕作觀念及社區營造理念灌注在這淳樸的土地上，使南埔村的農耕環境得到創新與轉變。 本研究將對這幾位呈現客家農村世代傳承的年輕力量，透過訪談與資料分析 ，瞭解這幾位年輕農夫平時與村民及老農的觀念溝通歷程，堅持回鄉務農的理念，以及目前實際從事農業生產的現況，進而探究這些年輕力量究竟如何將新的農業觀念與新作法，逐步帶入傳統的南埔農村，進而使南埔村在環境維持、農民耕作方式與農業產銷等方面獲得改變。

Nanpu Village, a traditional Hakka rural village, not only keeps abundant Hakka culture but also create the village image called“Golden water village.” Because the efforts village chief and community associationput into gathering the community power, it has finished renovating the hundred-year-old water ditch. In 2010, iteven became a model rural community thatfirstpassed the rural renewal planning in Taiwan. For that reason, the president has visited Nanpu Village in personand become acommunity that national rural villagesvisit and learn from itsachievement. Recently, the rural village in Taiwan is popular withchemical-free organic agriculture practices. The traditional agriculture is gradually transformed into leisure agriculture. It attracts young people to go back to the village or even migrate to rural village to be farmers or to determine to half farm and half X for a living. We have several young farmers in Nanpu Village not only achieve their dreams of being self-sufficient farmers but gradually take the responsibility for retrieving the original rural village. They apply the new rural village agricultural concept and community development ideas to the honest Nanpu Village and give a change and innovation to the agricultural environment in the village. Thestudy is focus on the youth power of Hakka rural village. We interviewed the young farmers anddid the data analysis to understand the communication process among these young farmers, villagers and experienced farmers in agricultural concepts, their insistence of returning village to farm and the recent condition for their agricultural production. In addition, we investigatedthe ways how these young power gradually bring new agricultural ideas and methods into the traditional Nanpu rural villagetomakethe change in aspects of environment maintenance, agricultural practices, agricultural management, etc. in Nanpu village.