基植於相位比較單脈衝技術之機械式追蹤系統

Abstract

本論文利用相位比較單脈衝系統概念，設計具追蹤訊號功能的機電整合系統。經過理論推導可證實，當相位比較單脈衝系統在某方位偵測到來波訊號時，單脈衝系統兩天線之和(Σ)與差(Δ)的相位差會有180度之變化，由此確認其對應的方位上有來波。此系統操作在2.4GHz，並利用平面式八木宇田天線的高增益特性，將兩垂直極化之天線水平排列，後端再與比較器、放大器、相位偵測器互相串連，最後利用伺服馬達作為系統轉動的機制。本論文中所使用的相位偵測器為被動IQ混波器，配合NI LabVIEW DAQ系統來做整體系統控制與資料擷取，其中包含：伺服機轉動角度控制、量測相位讀取及數值運算。依據實驗結果顯示，本系統可以即時追蹤動態信號源，將可應用於飛彈巡標器。

This thesis employs the phase-comparison mono-pulse system architecture to design a mechatronic system with signal tracking ability. Notably, the direction of incoming wave is confirmed due to the fact that detected phase will have a 180-degree difference between sum and difference ports when system is aligned with propagating direction of incoming wave. The operation frequency of this system is 2.4 GHz. To employ the high-gain characteristic of planar Yagi-Uda antenna, two vertically polarized antennas are placed in parallel arrangement. Besides, the antennas are in series connection with comparator, amplifier, phase detector, and finally a servo motor controlling the rotation of entire system. Specifically, a passive IQ mixer is utilized as phase-detecting component, and NI LabVIEW DAQ is collaborated for system control and data acquisition. System control includes controlling rotation angle, phase measurement, and signal processing. Last but not least, the experimental demonstration shows that this system can track dynamic signal source instantaneously, which is applicable in missile seeker.