小發散角的發光二極體照明器之設計

Abstract

本論文的研究對象是一個小發散角(光束角)高效率的照明器之設計與討論。照明器具由光源和燈具所組成，其中燈具包含光學透鏡和機構。一般照明器光源有鎢絲燈，發光二極體(Light Emitting Diod)，雷射二極體(Laser Diode)等，依使用的光源不同，光場場型需要不同，對應的光學透鏡就有差異。在本論文中，我們使用單顆LED分別在對稱系統和非對稱系統下設計一個小發散角高效率照明器，設計過程會使用到光學模擬軟體LightTools和CodeV來設計，從光源，透鏡，接收面的建模，到光線追跡觀看光斑的集中度與效率。在設計完成之後，並做公差分析，了解LED位置和角度的誤差在效率和發散角上是如何的影響。在非對稱系統下，我們使用fresnel-like透鏡設計，效率43.05%，發散角15.6度；在對稱系統下，我們使用Bezier透鏡設計，效率78.32%，發散角5.8度。

The subject of this thesis is the design and discussion of narrow beam angle and high-efficiency illuminator. Illuminator is composed of the light source and the lighting which including the optical lens and devices. General light source is such as incandescent light, light emitting diode, and laser diodes. According to the applications of different light sources and the different requirements of light field types, the corresponding optical lenses are different. In this paper, we use a single LED to design a high illuminator efficiency and narrow beam angle illuminator in both symmetric and asymmetric structure. LightTools and Code V are the optical software used by us during design to establish the light sources, the optical lenses, the receiver which do ray-tracing simulation for observing the efficiency and the focus of the spot. After the original design is completed, we examine the tolerance analysis for understanding the effect in efficiency between the LED positions and the angle errors, and also trying to find out how fresnel-like to impact the divergent angle. Under the asymmetric structure, we had designed a lens which the efficiency is 43.05%and the beam angle is 15.6 degree, on the other hand, the symmetric structure one which the efficiency is 78.32% and the beam angle is 5.8 degree.