駕駛者安全關鍵資訊之探究

Abstract

近年來，道路交通安全探討之重點議題為探討人為因素於公路安全所扮演之角色，其主要目的在於發掘更深入且具實用性之安全知識與事故預防之方法，其中，一項新構想為利用即時資訊系統提供車輛駕駛者即時行車安全資訊。因此，本研究應用風險矩陣分析方法分析自然駕駛研究計畫中事故情境之風險等級，並深入探討各情境之資訊需求，期望藉以瞭解何種行車資訊為最關鍵之安全資訊。

考量風險性駕駛行為為引發道路交通意外事故之主要因素，且不同的道路型態，會引發不同之風險性駕駛行為。因此，本研究以道路型態為構建事故情境之基礎，依序納入駕駛行為、誘發事件及事故型態加以探討。

分析結果顯示，交通意外事故主要發生原因來自於車輛駕駛者採取具風險性之駕駛行為，導致駕駛者無法有效應對道路上之非預期事件，進而產生交通意外事故。其中，道路幾何為經常被車輛駕駛者所低估之潛在道路風險之一，因此，透過給予車輛駕駛者相關警示資訊，如彎道路段或交岔路口之地點及距離號等，將可有效的降低交通意外事故之風險。

In recent years, the road traffic safety issue put emphasis on the investigation of the role of the human factor on the road safety. The main purpose is to find out the more practicality security knowledge and the way of incident prevention. A new conception of road safety is to provide real-time safety information for drivers. For this reason, this research applied risk matrix to analyze the risk rate of the accident situation in the Naturalistic Driving Study and investigate the need of information in each accident situation. For the purpose of finding out what kind of driver information are the critical safety information for drivers.

Consideration the main factor of road accidents is the risk behavior of driving and the risk driving would be different in different road type. For this reason, The accident situation would base on the road type and put in the driver behaviors, precipitating event and incident type in sequence.

The results indicated that, the main reason of road accidents is the drivers take the risk driving caused they could not make the right response to the unanticipated incident and therefore produced the road accidents. In addition, the alignment is one of the risk that be disregarded by the driver. Therefore, if we could provide the driver safety information to the drivers such as the position of curve or intersection, then it should be reduced the risk of road accidents.