450mm 晶圓世代發展現況與機會

Abstract

綜觀目前半導體世代的演進與發展，為因應未來全球半導體市場的成長趨緩，以及新製程投資費用的急遽上升，晶圓尺寸的提升，已成為了各個半導體大廠，在面對未來的挑戰時，不得不面對的問題。 從半導體製造的演進與發展來看，摩爾定律一直在其中扮演著重要的角色。每年百分之三十成本的下降，造成半導體產業的競爭，已經是由資本支出的競賽，到了不得不面對製造技術的轉變的時候。一直以來，半導體製造技術的發展，大多是由各公司獨立發展，但在面對450mm的技術發展時，單一公司已無法獨力面對，跨產業的研究合作計畫也因此展開。本研究以450mm世代的發展為主題，探討目前世界上主要廠商在半導體製造產業市場的競爭情形。並以波特（Michael Porter) 鑽石理論模型以及李建中、虞孝成（2006）於｢孫子兵法與競爭優勢｣中之七力分析方法，來分析450mm晶圓世代發展時的產業競爭以及面臨的優勢、劣勢、機會及威脅。最後，針對台灣下一世代的晶圓製造，對廠商及政府的未來發展提出建議。

The semiconductor market growth is getting slow in recent years, but the investment of new technology process is higher than ever. Therefore, the challenges of next generation wafer size transition will be tough. It is needed to be serious considered for all manufacturers in the future. According to Moore’s law, overall semiconductor needs to maintain 30% of cost reduction every year. The whole industry did follow up the roadmap closely for overall growth of semiconductor industry. To keep following the laws, the migration of 450mm manufacturing is necessary. The 450mm production needs to carry new generation of manufacturing process. It will bring more challenges for new technology in new platform. For high R&D investment, the whole industry needs to create a new cooperation model to integrate the resource in an effective migration. This study aimed on the development of 450mm wafer migration, analysis the competition of the world's leading manufacturers in the semiconductor industry. The study uses the “Diamond Model” of Michael Porter (1990) for the competitive advantage of main semiconductor companies. Furthermore, The 7 force analysis from “War Strategies & Competitive Advantage” written by Lee & Yu (2006) was adopted to analyze the competition of 450mm migration. Finally, there are some suggestion for next generation wafer manufacturing of government and firms in Taiwan.