台灣地區各縣市國民中學教育資源差異之研究

Abstract

教育資源的充裕與否及是否存在不均的差異，一直為社會各界所關心，教育是與時俱進並逐年變化的，本研究主要探討台灣地區國民中學教育資源差異。從96學年度至100學年度期間，以台灣地區各縣市國民中學教育資源公開數據之概況來分析教育資源差異的存在情形。比較台灣地區各縣市國民中學教育之校數、班級數、學生數、教師數、平均每校學生數比(校生比)、平均每班學生數比(班生比)、平均每位教師教導學生數比(生師比)及教師學歷等狀況，並以變幅及標準差來顯示五年內三項人均比中台灣地區之區域現狀。研究發現，在此五學年度期間，各區域教育資源確實有所差異，且多數呈現逐年下降趨勢；而就校生比、班生比及生師比觀之，多為離島及偏遠縣市如連江縣、澎湖縣、金門縣或台東縣資源分配較佳；而台北縣(升格後之新北市)、升格前後之台中市、台南市及縣轄市之嘉義市、基隆市等為低資源縣市，教育資源宜再多做妥善的分配，以減少不均差異。

The differences in regional education resources are an important issue concerned by the public. This research analyzes the differences in educational resources of junior high schools across administrative regions in Taiwan from 2007 to 2011. The number of junior high schools, classes, teachers, the average of students per school (school-student ratio), average of students per class (class-student ratio), average of student taught by one teacher (student-teacher ratio), and teacher qualifications etc. The range and standard deviation are used to measure the regional differences. It is found that the regional difference in educational resources gradually goes down in the sample period. Most remote counties such as Lianjiang County, Penghu, Kinmen County have better school-student ratio, class-student ratio and student-teacher ratios. New Taipei City, Taichung city, Tainan City, Chiayi City and Keelung are the counties with lower-resources. Education resources should be allocated more appropriately to reduce the differences.