城市對航線之多機場旅客選擇與市場規模之研究

Abstract

本研究係以旅客選擇航空運輸服務總成本最小機場之目標，構建城市對航 線之各機場市場邊界模式，並分析旅客之機場選擇行為；以各機場內航空 公司追求城市對航線利潤最大之目標，構建營運之目標函數。經由旅客與 航空公司間互動關係之分析，建立城市對航線之多機場市場規模模式，進 一步求解各競爭機場之旅客需求量與市場佔有率，並進行主要參變數之敏 感度分析。研究結果顯示，機場管理當局或航空公司可藉由航空公司營運 效率之增進，達到擴大市場之目的；而聯外運具行駛速率之提高與費率之 降低，將使大機場之市場朝向其它較小機場方向擴張。此外，航空公司若 增進其服務績效，以提高其機位使用率，將增加其市場佔有率。 This study analyzes the choice behaviors of travelers and formulates the models of airport market boundaries for competing city-pair services by assuming that travelers choose the airport with the minimum general- ized travel cost; airlines' objection functions whose arguments are profit- maximizing frequencies and fares are also formulated. The models results show that improving airlines' operating efficiency in one airport could expand its market size. Increase on average speed or decrease on average cost for airport access modes will make the market area of the larger airport expand toward the smaller one. In addition, when airlines in one airport raise their service levels to increase the load factor ,the market share of the airport could increase.