基隆港碼頭裝卸工人管理問題之研究

Abstract

近年來，隨著港埠事業經營型態的改變及勞工意識的抬頭，有關碼頭工人 之管理問題一直為倍受各方爭議及矚目的課題，其中尤以裝卸費對內分配 比率之合理性及碼頭工人定位問題為最。本研究即針對前述兩個主要課題 分別透過生產理論及MCDM方法進行探討與分析。研究中以實際裝卸噸數（ 櫃數）為產出變數，裝卸機具資本額及碼頭工人延人工時為投入要素，利 用Cobb-Douglas生產函數做為分析模型，透過迴歸模型基本假設之檢定與 校正，分別估算基隆港貨物裝卸作業中，總量與貨櫃量二部份之合理對內 分配比率。在與實際分配比率相互比較後發現，現行「對內分配制度」下 碼頭工人的分配比率顯然過高。在碼頭工人定位問題之評選部份，本研究 利用折衷權重做為決策過程中準則權重賦予之依據，並應用TOPSIS評估方 法分別針對專家學者、港務局人員、航商及碼頭工會進行問卷調查。由分 析結果發現各層面人員皆認為碼頭工人應由倉儲裝卸公司雇用為佳。 In recent years, longshoreman management problems draw a disputable and emphatic attentions because of innovation of port management style and the awareness of labor's opinions. Particularly, the reasonablization of internal-share ratio of charge for stevedoring and longshoreman legal position are the most important issues in this regards. This thesis attempts to employ production theory and MCDM method to analyze the above subjects. Adopting Cobb-Douglas production function as an analysis model, the actual stevedoring tonnage or numbers is the output variable, as well as the capitalization of stevedoring equipments and the total working hours of longshoremen are the input factors. This study tests and modifies the basic hypotheses of regression model and estimates reasonable internal-share ratio of gross and container cargo of Keelung Port. After comparing the results with actual internal- share ratio, it is found that the nowadays internal-share ratio of longshoremen is obviously too high, because it neglects the contribution of mechanization of port cargo handling. As for the evaluation of longshoreman legal position, compromise weight is used to be the basis of the criteria weight of the decision making process while TOPSIS method is employed to analyze the opinions of questionnaires from scholars, harbor bureau officers, port users, and longshoreman union. In a word, all of them tend to agree that longshoremen should be employed by the private stevedoring company.