标题: 以最佳资讯分散方法用于具安全性及容错性之平行通讯
Secure, Fault-Tolerant Parallel Communication Using Optimal Information Dispersal
作者: 孙宏民
Hung-Min Sun
谢续平
Shiuh-Pyng Shieh
资讯科学与工程研究所
关键字: 资讯分散方法; 容错; 资料保密; 密码学; 平行通讯; 错误更正码;;information dispersal; fault-tolerance; data security; cryptography; parallel communication;
公开日期: 1994
摘要: 随着电脑网路和分散式系统之快速发展,具高速、可靠性及安全性之通讯
需求愈来愈增。资讯分散方法 ( Information Dispersal Scheme )可以
用来加速在低传输速率网路中之通讯以及容忍传输路径之误失 (
failure )。在一个 (m, n)资讯分散方法 ( IDS ) 中,传送节点 (
sender node ) 将一个讯息 ( message ) 分成 n 个小块 ( pieces ),
使得接收节点 ( receiver node ) 从不同路径接收到任何 m 个小块,就
足以重构此讯息。这些小块在平行通讯网路中可以被平行传输。 (m, n)
资讯分散方法可以用来容忍 ( tolerate ) n-m 条传输路径之误失。在本
论文中,我们将研究使用 (m, n) 资讯分散方法来达成具安全性及容错性
之平行通讯。使用 (m, n) 资讯分散方法来达成具容错性平行通讯之可靠
度 ( reliability )主要决定于三个重要因素:资讯分散度 (n),资讯扩
张度 (n/m),以及每条传输路径之成功机率。根据不同形态之通讯网路,
每条传输路径之成功机率可能相同或者不同。根据此两种不同的情况,我
们提出了两个演算法来动态地决定最佳的 (m, n) 资讯分散方法使具有最
高的可靠度。为了提供具容错性之平行通讯一个整体的环境,我们提出了
一个控制合法通讯之存取机制。此机制有只需储存少量资讯之优点。我们
也提出了(m, n, r) 可靠性资讯分散方法 ( RIDS )。此方法可以用来容
忍 n-m 条传输路径之误失,并且对于每一传输中的小块,可以更正 r
个 symbol-errors。可靠性资讯分散方法将错误控制 ( error control
)及容错能力 (fault tolerance ) 合而为一,以降低两者之 overhead。
最后,我们设计了具安全性之 (m, n, r) 可靠性资讯分散方法( SRIDS
)。此方法可以达成通讯安全 ( communication security ) 之目的,并
且可以容忍 n-m 条传输路径之误失,以及对于每一传输中的小块,可以
更正 r 个 symbol-errors。具安全性可靠性资讯分散方法则是将通讯安
全、错误控制及容错能力合而为一,以降低三者之 overhead 。以上这些
被提出的方法对于具安全性及容错性之平行通讯,提供了一个强而有力的
基础。
In an (m, n) Information Dispersal Scheme (IDS), the sender
node transforms a message M into n pieces Si, such that any m
pices collected by the receiver node over vertex-disjoint paths
suffice for reconstructing M. The (m,n)IDS can be used to
tolerate up to n-m paths failures. In this dissertation, we
study the use of the (m, n)IDS to support secure and fault
tolerant parallel communic- ation. The reliability of the (m, n)
IDS supporting fault tolerant parallel communication is
primarily determined by three important factors, that is,
information dispersal degree (n), information expansion ratio
(n/m), and the probability of successful transmi- ssion over
each path. Depending on the types of communication networks,
the success probability of each path may or may not be the
same. We propose two algorithms that dynamically determines the
optimal (m, n)IDS with highest reliability for the two cases
that the path success probabilities are equal and unequal,
respectively. To support an integrated environment for the
fault tolerant parallel communication, we propose an access
control mechanism for legal communication. The proposed
mechanism has the advantage of storing less information. We
also propose the (m, n, r) Reliable IDS which has the
capability of tolerating n-m paths failing and correcting r
symbol-errors for each piece encoded into symbols list. RIDS
provides both error control and fault tolerance in one process
to reduce the overhead of both. Finally, we design the Secure
(m, n, r) Reliable IDS (SRIDS) which has the capability of
providing communication security for the message M, tolerating
n-m paths failing, and correcting r symbol errors for each
piece encoded into symbols list. The scheme is able to provide
communication security, fault tolerance , and error control in
one process to reduce the overhead of these three. The proposed
schemes provide a strong basis for secure, fault-tolerant
parallel communication.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT830392010
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/58929
显示于类别:Thesis