亞太地區電信公司經營效率之研究

Abstract

本研究係藉由檢視企業經營兩大資源 (資金與人力) 的分配運用情形，來評估亞太地區 24 家電信公司近五年來的經營效率。 研究方法採用二階段模式 (two-stage method)，第一階段先以資料包絡分析法衡量出各年度效率值，第二階段再根據效率值，取其倒數減一，以此無效率值做為因變數，進行 Tobit 廻歸分析，來探討經營無效率的影響因素。最後再以 Malmquist 總要素生產力指數，評估亞太地區電信公司跨年度之生產力變動趨勢。 研究結果顯示：市場開放競爭及運用範疇經濟，均有助於亞太地區電信公司經營效率之提升；政府降低持股對效率的影響則不顯著。研究期間亞太電信公司的總要素生產力，年成長率平均值為7.5%，多數公司的生產力均有提昇，但主要貢獻係來自於生產技術的提高，而非來自規模效率的變動。

This paper applies a two-stage method to examine the production efficiency of 24 telecommunications companies of APEC members during the period 1999-2003. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used in the first stage to measure the technical efficiency of these companies. In the second stage, the efficiency scores from the first stage are regressed upon the environmental variables with Tobit regression. Finally, Malmquist productivity index is employed to evaluate the longitudinal total factor productivity (TFP) changes. We find that market competition and scope economies are positively related to the efficiency improvement of Asia-Pacific telecoms, but the influence of privatization to the telecommunications performance is ambiguous. While indicating an average 7.5% annual growth rate, Malmquist productivity index reveals that the TFP growth is mainly due to technology innovation instead of coming from technical efficiency change.