色彩之前進後退與膨脹收縮感之定量測量

Abstract

色彩的前進後退以及膨脹收縮效果在色彩規劃的實務工作上具有極為重要的份量，舉凡利用配色來營造比實際來得寬闊的室內空間、比實際身材苗條的服裝設計、或是在平面上製造深度感覺等，均可利用色彩的前進或膨脹特性來發揮。在本研究中我們做了以下實驗：（一）前進後退與膨脹收縮感與色相、明度關係的定量測量。（二）在條件相等的情況下，比較前進色與膨脹色的順序關係。 我們選取十五個色彩樣本為刺激，涵蓋了五種不同色相，以及三種明度水準。這些樣本的前進與膨脹性質係以配對比較量表來做定量測量與分析，我們的實驗結果顯示以下結論：1.色彩前進 / 後退的感覺取決於他們的色相與明度，色相愈是暖色調〈長波〉與高明度，則前進的感覺愈明顯。2.關於色彩膨脹感覺無法如同前進的心理感覺可以單從色彩的色相、明度上作準確的預測。整體而言，明度在心理感覺色彩膨脹效果上，較色相提供更多的貢獻。

Colors are widely used to manipulate our impression of roominess of a space and the slimness of a figure. It is commonly taught in art schools that certain colors give more advancing and expanding look than the others. However, this observation remains anecdotal and needs to be verified with quantitative methods. We did a quantitative measure of the advancing /receding and the expansion/constriction nature of colors in this study. Fifteen color samples (5 hues by 3 luminance levels) were used as the test stimuli. The order of advance-ness and expanded-ness of these samples was determined by the paired comparison scale. Our results indicate that: (1) The feel of advancing /receding of a color is determined by its hue and luminance. The more a hue moves towards the warm end (long wavelength) and the higher its luminance, the more advancing it appears. (2) The feel of expansion cannot be predicted by a color’s hue and luminance as precisely as in the case of advance-ness. Overall speaking, luminance shows greater contribution than hue in determining our feel of expansion.