標題: 資本適足性與銀行風險關係之研究
A Study on the Relationship Between Capital Adequacy and Bank Risk
作者: 李景玲
LEE, CHING-LIN
巫永森
WU YUN-SEN
管理科學系所
關鍵字: 資本適足性;風險;風險導向資本管制;國際清算銀行;聯立模型;Capital Adequacy;Risk;Risk-Realted Capital Plan;BIS;3SLS
公開日期: 1995
摘要: 金融自由化之後,新銀行的加入及多項管制的解除,突顯了銀行安全 性的問題,更引伸出政府資本管制成效的問題,以及銀行資本適足性的重 要性。理論上對於資本適足要求有兩種截然不同的觀點,狀態偏好理論及 選擇權評價模式均肯定資本管制的有效性,而投資組合理論卻質疑資本管 制反而可能提高銀行的風險,國內的研究又無一致之結論,因此引發本研 究探討國內資本適足性與銀行風險之關係,乃針對政府實施風險導向資本 管制的資本適足要求,對銀行所產生的影響,以及銀行面臨此種管制,對 其資本適研究對象,對於資本適足性之衡量乃以傳統的資本比率求取客觀 一致的標準,銀行風險足性與風險的調整行為加以研究。 本研究以民 國七十四年至八十四年之國內商業銀行為分為兩方面探討,一為由管制者 的觀點,探討資本適足的要求對銀行倒閉風險(破產風險)的影響,以瞭 解台灣地區實施風險導向資本管制政策之效果,二為由投資人的觀點,考 慮整體投資組合的攸關β風險,以相關性分析及三階段最小平方法探討兩 者水準的相關性及互動關係,並進一步分析不同期間的影響。 研究結 果發現:(一)民國七十八年風險導向資本管制宣告後,銀行倒閉風險有 下降之態勢。 管制的確可達到降低銀行風險的目的。(二)相關性分析 發現,79 年以前及 82 年以後兩者水準為負相關,79 至 81 年間則有顯 著正相關, 此結果無法得到一致之結論。(三)就互動分析而言,銀行 資本適足性提高時,對風險的變動為負向影響,符合狀態偏好理論及選擇 權評價理論。風險提高時,則不會顯著的自動提高資本水準,不受破產成 本、代理成本、及法規成本的支配。(四)資本適足的變動主要決定於前 期資本適足水準、銀行規模、組織因素、流動性、獲利能力及經濟景氣狀 況。銀行風險的變動除了受資本適足性的影響外,尚受前期風險水準、組 織因素、流動性及經濟景氣的影響。 Because of the innovation of financial markets and several deregulations,the safety of banks is getting more and more important.There are different issues in different theory.State Preference Theory and Option Pricing Modelimply that capital regulation could reduce bank risk-taking behavior.However, Mean-Variance claims regulation will cause the increase of the riskof bank failure. This study concerns the effect of risk-based capitalregulation,bank's adjustment of capital and risk. The data used in this study are collected from local commercial banksduring 1985 to 1995. We use traditional capital ratio to evaluate capitaladequacy consistently,and two point of views to evaluate bank risk,considering the influence of risk-based capital regulation on bank defaultrisk and relevant beta risk,in terms of regulator and investor, respectively.The final conclusions are as following: (1)After the declaration of capitalregulation in 1989,bank default risk tends to decline. (2)We could observe anegative cross-sectional correlation from 1980 to 1993, significant positivecorrelation from 1980 to 1992,which seems to be inconsistent. (3)In theinteractive analysis, the increase of capital adequacy will lead thedecrease of bank risk,which matches State Preference Theory and OptionPricing Model. On the contrary, the increase of bank risk won't lead thedecrease of capital adequacy adjusted by bank. So Bank behavior won't bedominated by bankruptcy costs,agency costs and regulation costs. (4)Theadjustment of bank capital adequacy is determined by previous capital level,bank size, organization differences, liquidity, profitability and macrofactors.The adjustment of bank risk is determined by previous risk level,organization differences and macro factors.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT840457039
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/60867
顯示於類別:畢業論文