色彩差異與面積因素對色彩調和的影響

Abstract

本研究的目的在探討兩項研究主題：色彩差異與色彩調和的關係、以 及色面積因素對色彩調和的影響。其中，色彩調和被定義為配色的喜好度 ；色彩差異為 CIELAB 色彩空間中的色差 (dE*)；色面積因素則是指配色 中，組成色之間的面積比。在第一項研究主題中，我們假設色彩差異和色 彩調和之間存有某種函數關係，並透過實驗加以驗證。所進行的實驗中， 以電腦螢幕呈現具有不同色彩差異的雙色配色圖形，記錄受測者對不同配 色所反應的喜好度（即此配色的色彩調和度）。實驗結果顯示，色彩差異 與色彩調和之間存有三次曲線的函數關係。在第二項研究主題中，我們以 另一個實驗對以下的假設進行驗證：在一配色中，當組成色的面積和該組 成色的「強烈」程度成反比時，此配色才能調和。實驗也以電腦螢幕呈現 進行，並記錄受測者對於配色相同但面積比不同的測試圖形，所反應的相 對喜好程度（即此配色的相對色彩調和度）。實驗結果顯示，不論配色中 組成色之間的「強烈」程度為何，其產生調和的最佳面積比均為 1:1。此 外，我們也從實驗結果的分析中發現：若兩組成色互為補色，則該配色的 色彩調和度較高。而當兩組成色的色相相同，但明度、彩度不同時，則該 配色的色彩調和度較高。若組成色中有一個觀看者的喜好色，則觀看者對 該配色的喜好度會提高；若兩個組成色均為喜好色，則該配色的喜好度會 更為提高。這些結果支持了一些傳統的色彩調和配色原則。然而，另一些 傳統配色原則如「等值配色」等，則為本研究的結果所否定。 The purpose of this study is to investigate two issues of color harmony, i.e., the relationship between color interval and color harmony, and the influence of area factor (area balance) on color harmony. In this study, color harmony is defined as the degree of preference for color combinations; color interval of a color combination is defined as the color difference in CIELAB color space (dE*) between the two component colors; area factor is defined as the area ratio between the component colors in a color combination. At the first issue, we assumed that the degree of color harmony is, in some manner, the function of dE*. To verify this hypothesis, an experiment displaying 2-color combinations with different dE* was conducted on CRT display. And the subjects' preferences for these color combinations were recorded and analyzed. The experimental results reveal a cubic- curve relationship between color interval and color harmony. At the second issue, we assumed that a color combination will be harmonious when the area ratio between the two component colors is inverse to the "color intensity" ratio. Another experiment was conducted on CRT display to record the relative preferences for varied combinations with the same component colors but different area ratios. The experimental results show that no matter what the "color intensity" ratio of a color combination is, the relative preference for the combination is the highest when its area ratio is 1:1. More over, we found that the combinations with complementary colors have higher degree of color harmony. Also, the combinations with "equal-hue" component colors will lead to higher degree of color harmony, while the combinations with "equal-luminance" component colors or "equal-chroma" component colors will lead to lower degree. The combinations with subject's favorite colors have higher degree of color harmony, in which the combinations with 2 favorite colors have higher degree than those with 1 favorite color only.