Title: 美國機場噪音管理法規之探討:聯邦飛航規則第36 , 91 , 150及161號之相關部分 FAR Parts 36 , 91, 150 and 161
An Exploratory Study of U.S. Airport Noise Management Measures : FAR Parts 36 , 91, 150 and 161
Authors: 劉英杰
Liu, Ying-Jie
韓復華
Han, Fu-Hua
運輸與物流管理學系
Keywords: 機場噪音;航空噪音防制;美國噪音防制;運輸;交通;交通工程學;Airport Noise;Aviation Noise Abatement;U.S. Noise Abatement;TRANSPORTATION;TRAFFIC-SCIENCE;COMMUNICATION-ENGINEERING
Issue Date: 1996
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the U.S.
airport noise abatement and mitigation measures from the
legislative perspective, especially focused on Federal Aviation
Administration ( FAA ) setting forth Federal Aviation
Regulations ( FAR ) and related Acts passed by the Congress.The
FAA has responsibility for regulating airport noises according
to the amendment of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, in 1968.
The amendment charges the FAA adopted the FAR Part 36 , which
sets aircraft noise standards to meet the aircraft types and
airworthiness certificates for operation in the united States.
In 1977, the Part 36 were amended, defining three "stage" levels
to categorize civil subsonic turbojets noise emissions. However,
the federal government has not taken on the task of directly
regulating the noise level to a given airport, which is
considered the province of the airport operator. In addition,
the reduction of airport noise at the source, by using quieter
aircraft, is supplemented by an ambitious program to encourage
compatible land uses in areas around airports. The Aviation
Safety and Noise Abatement Act, passed by Congress in 1979, was
intended to "provide assistance to airport operators to prepare
and carry out noise compatibility programs." It authorizes the
FAA to help airport operators to develop noise abatement
programs by identifying airport noise and land-use
incompatibility and make them eligible for grants under the
Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982. The FAA promulgated
these regulations such as FAR Part 150 in 1985, which
establishes the system for measuring aviation noise in the
community and provides information about the land uses that are
normally compatible with various levels of noise exposure. In
1990, the Congress enacted the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of
1990 , which called for the FAA to develop a national aviation
noise policy and regulations to implement the policy. This was
accomplished, in part, by amending FAR Part 91 to require the
phased elimination of stage 2 operations in civil subsonic
turbojets over 75,000 pounds by the end of 1999 with limited
waivers through 2003. The second major element of the national
aviation noise policy enacted through ANCA 1990 is FAR part 161
, which establishes requirements that an airport operator may
impose restrictions on stage 2 aircraft operations as long as
the airport operator meets preparing a cost-benefit analysis of
the proposed restriction and providing proper notice of the
restriction to the public and to affected parties. And FAR Part
161 imposes substantial impediments to local restrictions on
stage 3 aircraft. No local stage 3 restriction may become
effective unless it has been submitted to and approved by FAA.
The study compares the differences between U.S. and Taiwan in
the legislation framework and management measures. We find that
Taiwan needs to establish an airport adjacency noise abatement
policy to regulate airport noise issues completely. In addition,
our country imposes airlines landing fee(2) to subsidize airport
adjacency area installing sound reinforcement systems. On the
contrary, the U.S. government encourages airport operators
submitting airport noise compatibility programs and offers
federal funding for developing and carrying out those programs.
Finally , our country has not set noise standards to the
helicopter that had operated in Taiwan as yet ,therefore , we
suggest that the related authorities should enact the noise
limits to the helicopter in the future.
URI: http://140.113.39.130/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#NT854118004
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/62470
Appears in Collections:畢業論文