我國爆竹煙火產業現存問題分析與解決對策之研究

Abstract

本研究主要探討現存爆竹煙火工廠所面臨的問題，尋求解決對策。首先從產業現況面分析：探討工廠現況情形，其中包含合法爆竹煙火工廠經營狀況、生產作業期間、生產產品之種類與銷售情況、工廠分佈地區、公司經營型態、原料供應情況、工廠作業員工素質、和取締之火藥寄存於合法爆竹工廠情形。另外針對現行法令與制度作通盤的了解，並比較國內外爆竹煙火管理情形，試圖了解爆竹煙火產業潛藏的問題。 其次是根據民國八十三年至九十四年間，政府機構針對爆竹煙火工廠所作災害統計資料，作有系統的分析。利用此統計資料，歸納整理所示之數值，逐項探討分析其原因，了解造成爆竹煙火工廠發生災害之主要成因、時間、地點，以及比較合法與地下爆竹煙火工廠發生災害之頻率和人員傷亡情形。其中災害發生時間分析是以發生年度、季節、月份、星期，作一系列分析；災害發生地點分析則是以發生縣市和肇禍地點作分析。此外亦針對合法爆竹煙火工廠發生重大災例作探討，主要以最近幾年才發生且造成重大災害之巨豐煙火爆炸案和雲光爆竹煙火爆炸案為例，詳加分析其災害發生經過及其原因。 最後藉由上述的探討，歸納出四大現存問題，其中包括合法爆竹煙火工廠潛藏的安全問題、工廠實施風險管理所面臨的問題、生產製程中潛在的危害問題，非法地下工廠四處為患的問題等四大現存問題，剖析其問題之所在，尋求解決對策，提供政府、業者、從業人員作為參考，期望藉此研究能夠降低爆竹煙火工廠災害發生頻率和損失程度，減少地下工廠對公共安全所造成的危害。

The thesis mainly concentrates upon the discussion of existing problems and effective solutions regarding the present firework plant. To begin with the market analysis, explore Taiwan firework plants including the operational condition of legal firework plants, the manufacturing process, a variety of product and sale, the areas where plants were situated, types of companies, the supply of raw material, the quality of the employee and the deposit in legal firework plants for confiscated firework. For strengthening the understanding of Taiwan statute and regulation, try to familiarize readers with potential problems to the firework plant, focus on the “ Firework Management Code” and compare internal firework regulation rules with and external ones. Moreover, offer a systematical analysis of the fact that the government made the hazardous statistics for firework plants from 1994 to 2005. By utilizing the information mentioned above, conclude and analyze factors to understand major reasons resulting in the risk in firework plants and compare happening frequencies and casualties in the legal firework plant with those in illegal one. The analysis of occurring risky time is emphasized with the year, the season, the month and the week, and the analysis of the occurring risky area focuses on the county and place had happened calamities. In additions, carefully analyze the hazardous processes and reasons by giving two examples of the Jiu-Feng firework plant explosion and the Yun-Guang firework plant explosion on recent years. According to the above disscussion, conclude four existing problems. They include problems of potential safety in legal firework plants, risky management in firework plants, existing manufacturing processes and the spread of illegal firework plants through Taiwan. The purpose of this thesis is to find out where the problem is and search for the way of figuring out the above problems so as to supply solutions for the employees, manufacturers and the government. Deeply expect the study will not only reduce the risky frequency and severity in firework plants but also dwindle the hazard resulting from illegal firework plants.