DSP 應用於轉子振動系統之適應性預測控制

Abstract

本研究著重的重點有兩個：第一個重點是自行設計出適合轉子系統的動圈式線性致動器，試圖以機電類比的方法來模擬出致動器的動態，並且藉由頻率響應的分析來決定相關機電常數，已制定出最佳的致動器規格。第二個重點是嘗試以MIMO 多通道Model-based Predictive Control的方法來實現轉子主動式的振動控制，並且期望能結合線上即時的系統判別方法來達到系統的最佳控制架構與效果。現階段我們已設計出最佳之致動器並且製作完成完整系統。本研究提出的控制方法均用浮點數位訊號處理器 (floating-point DSP) 來加以實現，並以一轉子系統加上一個不平衡質量作為實驗用之振動源。在實驗中，我們所使用的控制方法有兩種：第一種是Model-based Predictive control再加上LQG 回饋補償的混和控制架構。第二種方法則是屬於特殊前餽控制架構的Generalized Predictive Control。由實驗的結果，我們發現根據這兩種控制方法所設計出來的控制器都能夠有效地抑制因為轉子不平衡所造成的振動。而且我們也成功地克服了轉子變轉速系統振動消除的問題。

In this paper, the research will be discussed into two parts that contain the electromagnetic actuator design and active rotor vibration control scheme. First of all, we intend to implement the mechanical-electrical analogy method to simulate the dynamics of the actuator, and design an optimal linear electromagnetic actuator according to the analysis of frequency response that can apply in our rotor system. The proposed actuator operates primarily by means of electromagnetic interactions between a voice coil and a permanent magnet. The device is purposed to produce linear motions with large forces that are required in active rotor vibration control. In part II, AVC technique will employ Spatially feedforward and hybrid configuration as the major control structures. The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) model-base predictive control algorithm that is applied the on-line parameter estimation and time-domain system identification both are employed for controller synthesis. The controller are implemented by using a digital signal processor (DSP). In experiments, we use two different control methods. One is the Model-based Predictive control with LQG feedback compensation which is hybrid structure, the others is the Generalized Predictive Control which is spatially feedforward structure. The experiment results indicate that two methods both have high performance of the vibration attenuation that is caused by rotor unbalance. Furthermore, we also overcome the vibration attenuation of variable rotor speed system.