安全帶捲收器之結構設計

Abstract

安全帶捲收器主要可分解為五個部分：加速度感測部、傳動部、扣鎖部、底座及捲軸部分；扣鎖部固定於底座上，且捲軸橫跨置於底座兩側板並可在其上旋轉；而加速度感測器和傳動器則大多是可旋轉的置於捲軸上。在一般操作下，安全帶可自由抽取，而當車輛遇到緊急狀況下時，突然的速度變化會使捲軸產生卡合。在此情況下，加速度感測器會感測車輛的減速度並且經由傳動器驅動扣鎖裝置來對捲軸作卡合。如此一來可防止安全帶進一步的被抽出，以將乘客固定於原座椅上並保護乘客遭受撞擊。 本文主要是將工程設計法及專利迴避設計方法的概念作結合，從問題定義、規格訂定、概念設計、具體化設計到雛型製造，設計出一新型的座帶捲收器，且突破外國專利的箝固。

The safety belt retractor can be principally divided into five parts, acceleration sensing means, transmission, locking means, frame member, and reel shaft. The locking means is fixed on the frame member, and the reel shaft is rotatably mounted across the sidewalls of the belt retractor. Usually, the acceleration sensing means and the transmission are rotatably mounted on the reel. In normal operation, the belt can be withdrawn freely. When the vehicle is under an emergency condition, the reel would be locked due to the sudden change of the velocity. Acceleration sensing means would detect the deceleration of the vehicle, and actuate the locking means through the transmission while the deceleration occurring. And then, the reel would be stopped rotating and the belt would be prevented from pulling out further to protect the occupants from the collision. The principle techniques used in this study are based on the conceptual combination of engineering design method and patent around. The design process could be listed as follows: (1) planning and clarifying the objectives, (2) conceptual design, (3) prototype design, and (4) prototype manufacturing. To create an innovative safety belt retractor and to take design around with those techniques disclosed in existing patents are both the main objectives in this study.