以統計平差法及經濟評估法探討農地重劃加入WTO後之發展方向

Abstract

農地重劃為以土地重劃的方式將一區域內不符經濟效益的農地，加以重新規規劃整理，建立標準坵塊，使每一塊農地均十分方整，並透過土地交換分合，集集中農戶土地，便於農機耕作及農事管理。農地重劃主要辦理項目為重劃區內配置完善農水路，使每一坵塊均直接臨路、直接灌溉、直接排水，整治區域性排水，土地分配及地籍整理等。因此，農地重劃為推動農村建設發展及奠定農業現代化的基礎工作，亦為綜合性的土地改良措施。台灣加入世界貿易組織(WTO)後，未來農業政策勢需改變之下，加上國土綜合開發計劃之農地利用改革，從國家整體發展與資源合理利用，探討今後農業標的之合理化策略，農地的角色應予以探討與調整。 本研究主要探討重點一：利用統計平差方法中因素分析（factor analysis）之主成分分析法（Principal component analysis），及多變量線性迴歸分析方法，探討台灣農業及農產產值特性；並依農地重劃區之特性，因應台灣加入WTO後，配合台灣農業之轉型，有計畫調整農地重劃之腳步與方向，提出今後台灣農地重劃方向若干因應策略與建議。 本研究主要探討重點二：由平原地區之農地重劃觀點，導入緩坡地重劃，並結合坡地水土保育，以三種經濟學評估方法：益本比法、淨效益法及內生報酬法，評估重劃效益；由坵塊直接臨農路、直接排水、直接灌溉之比例，所產生農業生產之提高、生產成本降低、勞力節省、災害減輕或解除、維護管理費用節省等直接效益評估，對於台灣坡地重劃計畫做進一步探討。

Farmland Consolidation is use land consolidation to plain a poor area again, moreover to be about Enconomic Benefits, to establish a standard chunk, to indulge in every farmland equal perfectly square whole, and to go cross land exchange divide into parts ＆ close, to center on farmdoor’s land can easy to agricultural cultivation and farming manage. Farmland Consolidation major handle article is to match place at a consolidation area perfect agriculture water path, to indulge in every chunk by direct to near path、to irrigate drain flooded fields、to straighten regionaly drain flooded fields、to land allot、and to adjust land record. so, Farmland consolidation is a basic industry to drive the countryside construct develop and to establish the modernization of agriculture, also to do a comprehensive’s land improvement measures. Taiwan joining to World Trade Organization, the agriculture policy in the future need to make over in the territory comprehensive exploitation plan. Farmland to be reformed under the whole country develop and nesources reasonable use, to confer the agriculture standard rationalization tactic, the Farmland role need to be conferred and adjusted. The main weight-bearing point of this paper is using Statistic Ajustment and Economical Estimate to confer Taiwan agriculture and the characteristic of agriculture output value, also according to the characteristic Farmland Consolidation to operate in coordination Taiwan agriculture transition, bring up the tactic direct of Farmland Consolidation shoud to be proposed in the future.