晶圓廠之短期產能交易之定價決策

Abstract

半導體晶圓代工產業競爭激烈，市場變動迅速，產能需求變動大，即便是在長、中期的產能規劃下做了最佳的產能安排，短期內(一周)仍有可能因為不可預測之因素而影響產能。為了保有企業競爭力，半導體晶圓代工廠會與友廠的工作站進行產能互相交易，提升整體的產出，但目前業界進行產能互相交易的效果仍不理想，主要原因是產能交易時會造成賣方晶圓廠的成本上升、生產週期時間上升、人力不足等的情形發生，而這些影響都會反映到賣方晶圓廠的績效指標，使其績效下降，進而降低將多餘產能賣給友廠的意願。而對於賣方晶圓廠該如何收取提供產能的報酬，目前業界並無一個有效且公平的方法。本論文提出整合各項績效指標的概念與定價決策模型來解決上述之問題。實驗結果顯示定價決策模型可以確保各個晶圓廠進行產能交易後都能獲利且增加的獲利率相等，鼓勵各晶圓廠進行產能交易活動，並提升晶圓廠間互相產能交易的意願。

This thesis provides a pricing method of capacity trading for semiconductor wafer fabs. Fabs that are predicted to have insufficient capacity could purchase tool capacity from its partner fabs. But the industry does not have a valid and fair method to decide the payment for the capacity seller. Thus, the effect of capacity trading is not efficient. The reason mainly due to capacity trading will result in increasing the cost of the capacity seller, increasing the production cycle time, etc. These effects will be reflected to the capacity seller’s performance indicators. Because their performance drops, they will reduce the willingness of capacity trading. This thesis proposed the concept of integration of performance indicators and developed a pricing decision-making model to solve the pricing problem. Experiments indicate that the pricing decision-making model can ensure that after capacity trading, each fab can be profitable and the increased profit rate will be the same for all fabs.