中文移動事件中方向標記之限制及語意探討

Abstract

本研究以 Liu et al. (2012) 所提出的 Proto-motion Event Schema 為本，探討中文移動事件中的方向標記之限制及語意探討。根據Liu et al. (2012) 一文，中文被視為擁有連動結構（serial verb construction）的語言，中文的移動事件更是被進一步探討畫分為 Manner、Route、Direction、Endpoint、Deictic，將前人所謂的Path 深入細分為 Route、Direction、Endpoint 。換句話說，在一個中文移動順序中，動詞可能包含一個或以上的語意成分，而由多重動詞組合而成的移動事件通常會遵循一個由 Manner 到 Route 到 Direction 到 Endpoint 的線性結構。

因此，本研究致力於探究中文移動動詞中方向標記（面、朝、向、往）的使用情形。除了從方向標記各自的語法及語意差異深入探討之外，也將其整合 Liu and Chiang (2008) 所提出的「中文動詞語意網」之架構，對方向標記進一步做全面階層性的分類。

本研究的完成提供了方向標記（面、朝、向、往）與以往不同的分析，彼此的關係不再只是同義詞，而是各自擁有不同的表現，也對於 Liu et al. (2012) 所提出的Proto-motion Event Schema 提供了在方向標記上的解釋。

This paper probes into the the issue of Mandarin motion event by investigating the Direction markers in Proto-motion Event Schema proposed by Liu et al. (2012). According to Liu et al. (2012), Mandarin motion event is considered to be in a sequencial pattern or so-called a serial verb construction. It is defined by Liu et al. (2012) as having the following sequence: Manner, Route, Direction, Endpoint, and Deictic. The old notion of ‘Path’ is further categorized in Liu’s study into Route, Direction, and Endpoint. That is to say, verbs may encompass one or more of the semantic components in a motion sequence. A multi-morpheme motion event normally follows the linear order from Manner to Route to Direction to Endpoint.

This study aims to investigate the Direction markers miàn 面, cháo 朝, xiàng 向, and wǎng 往in Proto-motion Event Schema proposed by Liu et al. (2012). It also helps to explain the distinct behaviors of each Direction marker in Mandarin by investigating the syntactic and semantic differences and by the incorporating into a frame based analysis using the hierarchical structure proposed by Liu and Chiang (2008).

By offering the syntactic and semantic variations among each Direction marker, the study not only proposes the distinctions of miàn 面, cháo 朝, xiàng 向, and wǎng 往, but also helps to expand the explaination of the behaviors of Direction markers in Proto-motion Event Schema.