智慧建築物之照明控制

Abstract

1980年代開始，自動化的控制開始應用於建築物能源方面，能源控制的部分包括：燈光照明、溫度空調以及安全等部分。建築自動化系統主要著重於增加系統與建築物使用者間互動性和節省能源消耗等用途上。本研究旨在為針對目標房間規劃，可有效利用自然光源之燈具配置，且設計出一套自動照明控制系統，隨著自然光源輸入的變化，來調節室內照明程度，關閉多餘之燈具以達到節約能源之效果。 本研究分為幾個部分，包括建立目標房間之燈光模型、重新配置可有效利用自然光源之燈具區塊，以及控制燈光方法的研究，最後進行模擬及實驗驗證。在建立房間燈光模型方面，利用燈光模擬軟體，模擬目標房間之照度分布，以取得燈光模型數據。重新配置燈具區塊方面，則是以考慮照明均勻度以及有效利用自然光源分布之考量下，選用適合的燈具區塊。控制方法方面，則使用開關控制調節室內照度值，當室內照度高於設定照度規範或低於照度規範，則關起或打開相對應的燈具。讓室內照度值可以維持在所需的固定範圍內。在模擬與實驗部分，relay開關法比排列組合法獲得較好之整體總照度，在模擬上可節省能源13.9%，而在實驗上可節省11.6%。燈具排列組合法則對單點之總照度表現比較好，在模擬上可節省能源31.5%，而在實驗上可節省31.4%。

In the 1980s, the concept of automatic control began to be applied to the building energy. The building energy control encompasses many parts, including the lighting control, the temperature control, the air-conditioning control, and the security control, etc. The auto-controlling building system was focused on the interactions between the building and the users, and also on the energy-consuming of building. The objective of this thesis is to design a new lighting configuration for utilizing the nature light effectively and to design an automatic lighting control system for the existing room to achieve the energy saving by adjusting the level of indoor lighting in the presence of outdoor lighting variation. This study is divided into several parts. The first part is to establish the lighting model for a target room. The second part is to design a new lighting configuration for utilizing the nature light effectively. The third part is to research the control lighting methods, for which the simulation and the experiments are carried out. In establishing the lighting model, this study uses a simulation software to obtain the lighting model and simulate the illumination distribution of the target room. In designing new lighting configuration, this study takes into account the brightness uniformity and the good nature lighting. Concerning the control method, this study uses the on-off control to adjust the indoor illuminance. When the indoor illuminance is higher than the prescribed setting, corresponding lamps will be turned off. On the contrary, the corresponding lamps will be turned on so as to maintain the indoor illuminance in the required range. In simulation and experiments, the relay method matains better whole illuminance than the permutation and combination method, and can save the 13.9% energy in the simulation and 11.6% in experiments. The permutation and combination method performs better in single-point illuminance, and can save the 31.5% energy in simulation and 31.4% in experiments.