2007年台灣單車環島熱潮湧現解釋：身體知覺為真的「地方」風格旅行興起

Abstract

2007年電影《練習曲》上映後引起一波台灣單車熱，但是許多關注這波單車熱的研究者並沒有察覺單車活動的類型差異，因此忽略這波單車熱的發生其實源自單車環島，而後社會知名人士（文化中介者）也加入單車環島活動，所以才進一步吸引其他民眾投入單車休閒騎乘，因此自《練習曲》上映後，研究這波單車熱其實應該區分為單車「環島」熱潮和單車「休閒」熱潮，必須細緻處理單車活動的類型差異，因此本論文主要是為了解釋2007年這波單車環島熱潮湧現的成因。然而，僅以《練習曲》的出現解釋這波單車環島熱潮並不令人滿意，筆者首先進行單車環島的田野觀察，親自體驗單車環島，並藉由田野經驗發展本論文的研究架構，主要以「旅行／觀光」作為分析框架，並以「地方」和「身體」進一步分析單車環島。論文一開始主要呈現筆者的單車環島田野資料，而後研究者重新回到台灣單車環島的史料考掘，梳理出台灣1955年至2003年的單車環島史，這些史料爬梳是為了分析不同時期的單車環島活動，如何鑲嵌在當時的社會背景和歷史脈絡中，如此才有助於理解從1955年至2013年台灣的單車環島活動面貌，並解釋這波單車環島熱潮成因。2007年這波單車環島熱潮是台灣地方風格旅行興起而產生，電影《練習曲》只是順勢引爆這波熱潮，實際上地方風格旅行形成，歷經台灣自1994年開始的文化和空間治理政策轉向，以及2001年之後「地方」逐漸成為文化商品，因此發展為地方風格旅行，其中地方風格旅行涉及「旅行／觀光」和地方本真性的爭議，這是研究這波單車環島熱潮必區處理的問題，藉由人文地理學的「地方」論述思辨，以及現象學的「身體」理論回應了上述爭議，最後獲知2007年的單車環島熱潮湧現，是身體知覺為真的地方風格旅行興起而產生，並且說明了單車環島的遊戲成分，同時以Huizinga的「遊戲」概念修正通過儀式理論，發展為本論文提出的「允逃」理論。

The bicycle boom swept Taiwan after the film, Island Etude, premiered on April 17, 2007; however, most of the researchers for the bicycle boom had no thought for the nuances of cycling activities. For this reason, they ignored the timing that the bicycle boom came after cycling around Taiwan that also drew in the celebrities (the cultural mediators) and then emulated by other masses; then it forms the leisurization of cycling. Consequently, after Island Etude was in theaters, researches on the bicycle boom should be divided into the craze for cycling around Taiwan and the craze for cycling leisure activities. Nuances of cycling activities should be analyzed more elaborately; therefore, this thesis mainly tries to explain the craze for cycling around Taiwan surging in 2007; it is unsufficient to explain it only with the influence of the film, Island Etude; therefore, the researcher participated in cycling around Taiwan and the fieldwork experience formed the analytic framework of this thesis, that is to say, "travel/tourism" is mainly the analytic framework and theories of "place" and "body" are also led in to analyze cycling around Taiwan. At first data from the fieldwork were presented and then the history of cycling around Taiwan was dug out; the thesis combed out the history from 1955 to 2013 for analyzing how the activities of cycling around Taiwan in distinct periods embedded in each social backdrops and historical contexts. By this way, the activities of cycling around Taiwan from 1955 to 2013 were clearly sketched to explain the craze for cycling around Taiwan in 2007. Obviously, Island Etude triggered off the bicycle boom, but it is the popularized style-travel in places made cycling around Taiwan surge in 2007; the formation of style-travel in places, in fact, went through shifts in cultural and spatial governance from 1994 and places commoditized as cultural products from 2001. In addition, investigation into the craze for cycling around Taiwan in 2007 cannot help dealing with disputes over travel versus tourism and authenticities in places. The disputes were analyzed and responded by means of the discourse of "place" in human geography and "body" theory in phenomenology. In conclusion, it is the popularized style-travel in places resulted in the craze for cycling around Taiwan in 2007; also, places would be authentic while being perceived by bodies and cycling around Taiwan reveals the element of play; further, the theory of "accescaptableness" adapted from "the rite of passage" is developed with Huizinga's concept of "play" in this thesis to explain cycling around Taiwan and the other activities alike.