科技廠房工程領標作業與投標決策影響因子之調查與分析:機電工程之實務觀點

Abstract

近幾十年來隨著經濟環境的快速發展與變遷，產業發生許多結構性的變化。自1990年開始順應全球化的趨勢，極力發展台灣成為亞太營運中心，調整產業結構將新興產業範圍擴大至電子、光電、生物科技方面，2000年後更發展高附加價值產業、綠能產業。在這工業穩定成長及擴張的過程中，工程領域中之營造業與機電業也同時站在巨人的肩膀上，產生了許多的變化。 早期之機電工程公司以建築業的代工或承包水電系統工程為主，近年來無論是傳統產業之廠房或高科技產業之廠房建案數及規模愈趨龐大，而使工程規模亦隨之日益龐大複雜。各產業之建廠因景氣蓬勃發展，工程專案與工期較為緊迫，工程金額亦較以往高出很多。接踵而來產生許多需求的問題：如廠商、材料、勞務的供需也因此增加了許多。但因景氣循環在2008年的金融風暴又造成產業許多影響與變化。 工程公司的生存必須經過爭取案件來維繫整體公司的運行。在過程中必然面對領標、估算與投標；在作業過程中有許多因素會間接或直接對這些作業產生影響。經收集業界專家經驗，透過問券調查及應用德爾菲法將關鍵因子彙整，提供業界作為參考。

Accompanied by the brisk development and change of economic environment in the previous decades, industries have numerous structural changes. In order to keep up with the global stream since 1990, Taiwan endeavors to be the Asia-Pacific Operation Center. We adjust the industry structure and extend the emerging business to electronic, optical, bio-technology. Also, we work on the high value-added industry as well as green energy. In the progress of industrial steady growth and expansion, the construction and electronic and mechanical engineering stands on the giant’s shoulder and cause a variety of change. In the early of electronic and mechanical engineering, architecture primarily focused on outsourcing as well as electrical and plumbing contracting. In the recent years, the number of construction projects and their scale are growing, which enables the construction scale getting more and more complicated, regardless the traditional industry factories or hi-tech industry factories. Due to the prosperity, all industries start to build up factories, construction projects and their schedule are tighter, the budget for construction is a lot more than before. What are followed by are many problems of requirement. Demands and supplies of suppliers, materials, and services have increased. Nonetheless, the economic cycle of financial crisis in 2008 has caused quite a lot of impact and change The existence of construction corporations has gone through fighting for projects to maintain the operation of the company. In the process, they have to face the issues of bid pickup, estimation, and bid registration . There will be quite a few factors directly or indirectly influencing these workflows. By collecting the experienced experts, we apply Delphi’s Method to integrate the key factors by means of questionnaire survey provided as a reference for the industry.