民眾步行意願之量測與影響因素之研究

Abstract

近年來政府大力推廣節能減碳、使用大眾運輸工具，然而大眾運輸的使用必須搭配一定距離的步行來完成，但是每個人的可容忍步行時間並不相同，在各種環境條件下的步行意願亦有所差異，因此本研究透過量測民眾的步行意願並探討相關的影響因素，希望能透過提升民眾步行意願達到推動大眾運輸使用的效果。本研究針對台灣地區台北與高雄兩地持有汽機車駕照的民眾進行調查，探討兩個同時擁有捷運系統及公車系統的城市，在民眾的步行意願以及使用大眾運輸的行為上是否有差異。

研究結果發現，在台北地區，民眾搭乘大眾運輸的行為主要受到步行意願的影響，而環境滿意度則透過步行意願的中介，而非直接影響搭乘大眾運輸的行為；而在高雄地區，則是由環境滿意度直接影響搭乘大眾運輸行為的效果最為明顯。因此，建議針對台北地區民眾應優先推動「提升步行意願」的相關政策，從讓民眾喜歡步行著手，搭配環境中各種附加的設施，如：美觀、綠化等；而針對高雄地區的民眾則以優先推動「提升民眾步行環境滿意度」的相關政策著手，針對步行環境中所有的設施進行全面的改善，並減少民眾步行時的不安全感，將環境對於民眾的負面影響降到最低，必能提升整體大眾運輸的使用。

In recent years, the government has tried their best to promote public transit usage to reduce carbon dioxide emission. However, using public transit should be followed by some walking distance in order to complete the trip. Due to the “tolerance walking time “among people and the willingness to walk under different walking environment are not the same, this research is trying to explore people’s willingness to walk and influential factors. By raising the willingness to walk for the public, it might reach the goal of promoting public transit usage. In order to compare the different behavior of public transit usage and willingness to walk between people living in two cities which both has the mass rapid transit system and bus service, this research investigated people who owned the car or motorcycle license living in Taipei and Kaohsiung city in Taiwan.

The result shows that in Taipei, people’s public transit usage behavior is mainly affected by willingness to walk, which is the mediator of satisfaction toward walking environment and public transit usage.While in Kaohsiung, people’s public transit usage behavior is directly affected by satisfaction toward walking environment. As a result, it suggests that for Taipei city, we should promote the policies for raising people’s willingness to walk in priority. To make people enjoy walking, improve the amenities such as aesthetic and green walking environment. On the other hand, it suggests that promoting the policies for raising people’s satisfaction toward walking environment in priority in Kaohsiung. By improving whole walking environment, and reducing the insecurity for walking, the usage of public transit could be expected soon.