電動車產業政策分析

Abstract

本研究係結合創新密集服務平台與產業創新系統之觀念，建構一適用於創新密集服務業之產業創新系統與政策分析模式；進而以電動車產業為實證研究對象，以驗證此模式之可行性。 本研究共分兩大層級，產業層級部分，此模式就產業環境與技術系統之八大構面得出產業創新系統需求要素，以此進行創新密集服務平台運作時之產業創新系統建構。接著，在國家層級方面，利用產業層級研究結果與十二項政策工具(包括供給面、環境面、需求面)之連結，探討產業創新系統與政策工具的關聯性；並藉專家問卷得出電動車產業所需之政策工具比重。 產業層級之實證結果顯示，電動車產業目前所需之產業創新系統需求為產業環境構面之生產要素及企業策略、結構與競爭程度與技術系統構面之多元化創新機制；未來則需強化產業創新系統中產業環境構面之生產要素、需求條件及企業策略、結構與競爭程度以及技術系統構面之技術接收能力、多元創新機制。 國家層級之實證結果則顯示，目前電動車產業最需之政策工具分別為供給面的「科學與技術發展」及環境面的「政策性策略」。本研究建議政府機關與相關單位將產業資源優先發展於上述關鍵構面，期以最有效率的方式提升台灣電動車產業競爭力。

This study provides an integrated model of innovation intensive services (IIS) and industrial innovation systems, which include both industry-level and national-level approaches to depict the future suggestion for applying policy instruments. A case study of Electric Vehicle industry is used in this research to demonstrate the validity of this analytical model. The model respectively dissects four influential factors of industrial environments and technological systems at the industry-level analysis to verify the requirements of industrial innovation system, thereby constructing an industry-level analytical framework for developing IIS industry. Next, the result of national-level analysis will be obtained by the correlation between three levels of policy instruments (including supply, demand, and environmental side policies) and the above-mentioned requirements of industrial environments and technological systems in terms of the perspective of IIS approach. Results of case study in Electric Vehicle industry reveal that the current critical factors of industrial innovation system in industry level include factor conditions, firm strategy, structure, rivalry and variety creation mechanism.In addition, the requirements of industrial innovation systems, including factor conditions, demand condition, firm strategy, structure, rivalry, and receiver competence, variety creation mechanism could be emphasized for the future development of IC design service industry. The research also indicates that some policy instruments in national-level are essential for Electric Vehicle industry such as “scientific and technical investment” and “political measures”. This research suggests that our government and related institutions should put more resources into the above mentioned policy instruments to enhance the competitiveness of Taiwan’s Electric Vehicle industry.