《放課後保健室》：少女形象之重塑

Abstract

本論文旨在探討少女漫畫發展至20世紀末的變化，及《放課後保健室》在此流變中的重要性。兼具了市場價值與挑戰傳統少女觀點，作者水城雪可奈利用了主角性別的未定性，展開了一場名為探究性別、實為填補認同鴻溝的成長戰爭。並在校園生活的人際互動與「特殊課程」的血腥爭鬥中，一次次重塑21世紀「少女」(Shojo)的定義。 全文共分為四章：第一章點出傳統少女漫畫未詳述之處，造成讀者認同之斷層。並回溯少女漫畫的起源、完美少女的想像、及少女的能動性。第二章深入探討少女美學對身分認同的影響，特別是《放課後保健室》裡特別「不可愛」(Non-kawaii)的女主角們。第三章則討論作品的敘事架構，在此架空世界中，作者對傳統少女漫畫框架的挑戰及臣服。第四章比較文本中的少女，不同於評論家所讚頌的無性別、自戀、與永生不滅。作者更透過主角的戀愛關係，明白指出本作中的百合(yuri)、耽美(yaoi)這類少女漫畫中常見的同性愛(doseiai)，皆為異性戀常規性(heteronormatives)的仿作。本論文試圖呈現文本與少女的傳統、美學、戀愛敘事之交互作用，及作品包涵的積極概念，與其成為楚楚動人的少女，不如成為少淑女漫畫(young ladies comics)中「更真實」的女孩。

The thesis aims to present the importance of After School Nightmare, especially in the development of shojo manga in the late 20th century. As a market hit and an innovating work, Mizushiro Setona has a hermaphroditic protagonist to initiate a seemingly gender quest, but in fact a war about growing-up. In bloody dream sessions and the daily school lives, the work reframes the concept of shojo in the 21st century. The thesis comprises four chapters. Chapter one reveals the missing phase between shojo concept and corporeal basis. It goes back to the origin of shojo manga, shojo ideal, and shojo agency. Chapter two focuses on the great impact of shojo aesthetics. From the struggles of non-kawaii heroines in the story, the beauty codes are now relatively arbitrary and obsolete. In chapter three I analyze the narrative of the story. In such a fantasized world, Mizushiro resists and conforms to the shojo traditions. Finally I compare the shojo in After School Nightmare to the sexless, narcissistic, and eternal shojo. The sharp contrast is furthered by the doseiai preference in the shojo genre, including yuri and yaoi. But in the story, the two are more like parody to the heteronormatives. This thesis presents the interplay between After School Nightmare, shojo traditions, aesthetics, and romance representations. All in all, instead of fitting into the perfect shojo image, we should become the girl in young ladies comics, who shares “real life” with the reader.