生技產業國際化程度與效率關聯性之探討

Abstract

本研究以台灣生技醫療產業之上市上櫃公司為研究對象，研究區間為2009至2012年連續四年度，本文旨在探討台灣國際化生技廠商與非國際化生技廠商之效率，並找尋出影響國際化生技廠商效率之顯著因子，以提供廠商未來發展之參考。

本研究首先以資料包絡法的BCC模型進行生技廠商分群之效率探討，之後透過System-DEA模型，將國際化與非國際化的台灣生技廠商進行效率前緣下之效率探討，並透過透過Tobit迴歸實證分析，找出顯著影響國際化生技廠商效率的因子。

本研究結果歸納出，在BBC模型中，非國際化的生技廠商，純技術效率上的表現，平均相對於國際化的生技廠商來的優異，而平均規模效率僅小幅較國際化生技廠商來的差。在System-DEA模型中時，當兩群集置於同一效率前緣比較下時，國際化生技廠的純技術效率雖仍舊低於非國際化生技廠商，但規模效率相對於非國際化生技廠商則凸顯出有大幅的規模效率優勢，同時在影響國際化生技廠商效率的顯著因子則有投資海外子公司數、投資海外其它國家金額比率、投資總金額比率。

This study focuses on 46 biotech pharmaceutical and biotech medical treatment firms which listed in the stock exchange or the over-the-counter (OTC) market in Taiwan during 2009-2012. In order to explore the relationship between internationalization and firm performance, this study investigates whether the Taiwanese firms have better performance by internationalization.

This study uses method of the data envelopment analysis﹐to investigate the difference of operational efficiency for international firms and non-international firms of Taiwan Biotechnological Industry . The related efficient scores can provide companies as a reference for improving their efficiencies and productivities. Additionally factors that affect the international firms in efficiency are also investigate by using the Tobit Regression.

The empirical results of this reseach are as follows:(1) Accordind to BCC model, Taiwan biotechnological firms with non-international involvement have better operational efficiency than those international firms. (2) Accordind to System-DEA model, lower efficiency of the industry is mostly caused by operational efficiency.(3) The three key factors affeccting a international firm's efficiency are the number of foreign subsidiaries, the proportion of foreign investment, and the ratio of total investment.