以價格為基礎之無線網路資源配置

Abstract

無線隨意網路近年來成為一門新興的研究領域，其中資源分配是一個重要的議題。關於無線隨意網路的資源分配，研究者應同時關注公平性與整體網路表現二個面向。為了達成促進競爭網路資源的個別傳輸點彼此間互相合作之目標，藉由價格競爭以進行資源分配是一項良好的機制。我們利用價格機制來做資源分配，考慮到二項無線網路的重要因素：網路卡之多重傳輸速率及行動裝置之電量限制。首先，我們提出一個以群集(clique)為基礎之模式，它考量了多重傳輸速率之因素，並使我們能同時達到最佳資源分配與公平性。其次，我們將電量消耗納入考量，進一步擴展資源分配模式，以動態調整價格來反映資料傳輸之電量需求。我們的模式精確的反映出無線網路環境中許多重要因素與限制，具有實務上的意義。我們也提出相關的模擬數據，以驗證所提方法之優越性。

Wireless ad hoc networks have attracted a lot of attentions recently. Resource allocation in such networks needs to address both fairness and overall network performance. Pricing is a prospective direction to regulate behaviors of individual nodes while providing incentives for cooperation. In this work, we develop some pricing strategies for resource allocation by taking account of factors like multiple transmission rates and energy consumption of nodes, which have not been well studied in former works. Multi-rate transmission capability is commonly seen in most wireless products nowadays, while energy is one of the most important resources in portable devices. We propose a clique-based model which allows us to achieve optimal resource utilization and fairness among network flows when multi-rate transmission is considered. We also show how to extend the model to dynamically adjust prices based on energy consumptions of flows. In particular, our model takes into account energy consumptions in the transmitters’ side, the receivers’ side, and those that are non-transmitters and non-receivers but are interfered by these activities. So our model can more accurately reflect the real energy constraint in a wireless network. Simulation results are presented to show the convergence and other properties of these strategies.