生物科技公司開發治療性抗體成功因素之探討

Abstract

生技製藥產業具有治病救命的潛力，卻也具有研發投入高、開發期長、上市檢驗手續嚴格的危機。但若能成功，則獲利也可觀。由於生物技術的進步，生技製藥漸漸成為全球藥品市場的主流，其中又以治療性抗體的成長率最為驚人，其銷售額於2004年達到112億美金。本研究針對治療性抗體公司的經營模式與策略進行研究了解。首先分析全球治療性抗體的市場與主要發展方向，並將開發治療性抗體生技服務公司依所提供之服務與技術，區分為技術平台提供者、目標抗原提供者、抗體生產者、接受委託臨床試驗公司與藥品通路商。本研究分析分工體系中各環節的獲利方式，並針對成功開發治療性抗體的個案公司Genentech、Biogen IDEC與ImClone探討其經營模式、發展策略、策略聯盟、專長技術與產品組合。本研究發現全球開發治療性抗體的成功模式為小型公司提供創新技術與服務，大型生技公司或藥廠提供資金與銷售通路。台灣應把握這種分工的趨勢，找出有利於小型公司發展的項目，開發技術或服務進入全球開發治療性抗體的產業價值鍊中，及時跟上國際生技產業的腳步，扮演某一個環節加值者的角色。

Biopharmaceutical technologies have demonstrated promising potentials of curing diseases and saving lives. Regardless of its great commercial opportunity, this industry is characterized as having long development period, huge capital investment, and high risk of failure. Since biotechnology innovation has made great progress in recent years, it has become a shining star in the global pharmaceutical industry. In biopharmaceutical field, therapeutic antibody has the fastest growth rate and its revenue has reached US$11.2 billion in 2004. This thesis focused its analysis on the global market and development trend of therapeutic antibody industry. The value chain of this industry can be categorized as follows: the providers of Biopharmaceutical technology platforms, the providers of target antigens, the contract manufacturers of antibodies, the clinical trial service providers, and the antibody distributors. The business models of providers in the value chain were analyzed. The strategic positions, alliance strategies, technology strengths, and product portfolios of the most successful therapeutic antibody development companies in the US, i.e. Genentech, Biogen IDEC, and ImClone were discussed. As the result of this research, it was discovered that there exists vertical disintegration in the therapeutic antibody industry such that small biotech companies provide innovative technologies and services, whereas big pharmaceutical companies provide capital and marketing channels. Taiwanese biotech companies should position themselves as niche technology or service providers in the value chain of the global therapeutic antibody development market.