小型之寬頻一百八十度混合式耦合器及其應用於寬頻耦合器與濾波器之設計

Abstract

本論文主要研究小型之寬頻一百八十度混合式耦合器以及其應用，在第一部份，介紹步階式寬頻一百八十度混合式環形耦合器，其新型的寬頻一百八十度相位移相器以混合共平面帶線/指插式共平面帶線來實現，由於結合步階阻抗架構及寬頻的相位反轉器，此提出的混合式耦合器不僅尺寸小、寬頻且擁有卓越的性能，在第二部分，提出利用垂直安置基板耦合器的寬頻多節式一百八十度混合式耦合器，基於變形的理想單節式混合式耦合器(內含理想相位反轉器的一百八十度混合式耦合器)，多節的一百八十度混合式耦合器可藉由適當的串接單節的混合式耦合器來實現，相較於傳統的二分之三波長岔路環，此兩節式的混合式耦合器頻寬寬、尺寸小且容易達到高比例的能量分流。最後，介紹藉由串接兩個步階式一百八十度混合式耦合器來實現擁有寬的上止帶之寬頻帶通濾波器。上述電路的分析過程皆有詳細的說明，也提供設計方程式及設計曲線，因此，我們可以系統化的設計這些電路。

This dissertation presents the research and application of the compact wideband 180 degrees hybrid coupler. In the first part, a stepped-impedance wideband 180 degrees hybrid ring coupler with a novel wideband 180 degrees phase-shifter implemented by the hybrid CPS/interdigital CPS structure is introduced. Due to the combination of the stepped-impedance structure and a wideband phase inverter, the proposed hybrid coupler achieves size reduction, wide bandwidth, and excellent phase and amplitude performances. In the second part, wideband multi-section 180 degrees hybrid couplers using the vertically installed planar (VIP) coupler are proposed. On the basis of the reconfigured ideal single-section 180 degrees hybrid coupler (the 180 degrees hybrid coupler with an ideal phase inverter), the multi-section 180 degrees hybrid rings can be realized by properly cascading of the single-section 180 degrees hybrid coupler. Compared to the conventional 3/2 wavelength 180 degrees hybrid ring, the two-section hybrid rings exhibit wide bandwidth, size reduction, and easily achievable high power-division ratios. Finally, a wideband bandpass filter with wide upper stopband is presented by cascading two stepped-impedance 180 degrees hybrid couplers. Analysis procedures of above-mentioned circuits are described in detail. Also, design equations and design curves are presented. Therefore, we can systematically design these circuits.