虛擬主站RTK結合三維雷射掃描儀之精度提升研究

Abstract

三維雷射掃描儀(簡稱3D LASER)與虛擬主站RTK(簡稱VRS)是兩種測量原理與方法完全不同的儀器，二者之結合應用具有快速與準確等優點，未來二者之結合應用將可取代許多原本以傳統測量施測之方式，本研究之主要目的是研究有哪些平差模式可以提升二者結合應用之精度。 一般而言，3D LASER作業只須三個已知點(常稱為後視點)即可定得絕對坐標，為了增加多餘觀測量，本研究將3個後視點增加為10個後視點，針對這10個後視點分別施測5組VRS、1組靜態GPS、及5組3D LASER，文中以靜態GPS為對照組，以改正前後之VRS坐標與靜態GPS坐標較差之RMS及分佈範圍為精度分析之指標。文中使用了6種改正模式將由後視點所組成之觀測網進行平差改正，其中經實驗數據顯示，3D坐標改正中之高程項改正效果並不符合預期，主要原因是在於VRS的觀測量中高程含有系統誤差，而將平面與高程分開改正後，原本存在N、E 之較差經改正後大都減少至15mm之內，改正成果符合我們預期。

3D Laser Scanner and Virtual Reference Station RTK(also known as VRS)are two different surveying technologies based on different principle and approches, the advantage of their combination is rapaid and accurate.So the conventional surveying approch in many applications can be replaced by it, it is our hope to come up with an optimal combination in the adjustment in terms of accuracy. In this research we increased the backsights from 3 to 10 points.and observed 5 sets of VRS,1 set of static GPS,5 sets of 3D LASER. we considered the Static GPS as the standard observation set,and compared it with the VRS’s coordinates after adjustment.The RMS and the range of differences are taken as the indicator of accuracy .We implemented the adjustment in 6 ways, due to the error existing in the height,so the 3D approach dosen＇t fulfill our expectation. However in the 2D approach, most of the differences between the VRS and the Static GPS all reduced within the range of ±15mm,which concured what we expected.