台灣閩南語韻尾感知研究

Abstract

本論文從音韻學的角度出發，以感知行為實驗和腦事件相關電位(Event-Related Potentials, ERPs)實驗為研究工具，對台灣閩南語的韻尾音位進行探討，研究議題包括：(一) 發音部位對於語音相似性的影響。(二) 鼻音韻尾、元音韻尾和塞音韻尾的相似性。(三) 韻尾發音部位的感知顯著性。 本研究的第一個實驗為感知行為實驗，共有二十名受試者參與實驗，語料為不具意義的閩南語單音節非詞。第二個實驗為腦事件相關電位實驗，共有八名受試者參與實驗，語料為閩南語單音節詞，離線分析針對MMN波幅進行探討。綜合本研究的二個實驗結果，研究發現：(一) 發音部位為判斷語音相似性的要素之一。在語誤資料中，發音部位相同的二個音位被說錯的次數大於發音部位不同的音位；在聽覺感知方面，發音部位相同的二個音位被聽錯的機率亦大於發音部位不同的音位。(二) 鼻音韻尾與元音韻尾的相似性高於鼻音韻尾與塞音韻尾。(三) 就韻尾發音部位而言，雙唇塞音顯著性最高，舌尖塞音次之，舌根塞音最低。

The objective of the present study on coda perception in Taiwan Southern Min is threefold. First, I want to look into whether or not places of articulation affect the similarity judgment of coda phonemes. Second, I would like to see if nasals are more similar to glides than to stops. Third, I want to know how the three coda places are weighed against each other in perceptual salience. Two perceptual experiments were conducted in this study. The first experiment was a behavioral study, of which test materials were nonsense syllables in Taiwan Southern Min. The second one, an event-related potentials experiment, recorded MMN to different types of deviant stimuli, using test materials of meaningful words in Taiwan Southern Min. General results of the study showed that (a) places of articulation made a positive influence on the similarity judgment of coda phonemes, (b) nasals are more similar to glides than to stops, and (c) among the three stop places, the perceptual salience scale was labial > coronal > dorsal.