我國大學校院產學合作機制整合之研究--技轉與育成機制功能之重複與互補性探討

Abstract

在產學合作的論述中，以討論技術移轉與創新育成各自如何運作才能發揮最佳的效益者為多。這樣切割式地論述方式是因為臺灣在推動產學合作時，將技術移轉與創新育成切分由國科會以及經濟部分別推動。這樣的分工方式近期引發了諸多討論，產官學各方均認為應該檢討資源重複投入以及兩機制欠缺互動的現象。雖然各界的檢討聲浪不斷，但是對於機制整合該如何進行以及該從何處著手，並未見有詳細而深入的論述與意見。本研究為求探討產學合作如何以最有效率的方式運作，首先釐清整個產學合作概念體系的上下位關係，接續則聚焦於探討技術移轉與創新育成兩機制整合的效益、關鍵成功因素、兩者業務能量、業務重複狀況以及業務互補性的探討。在深度的質性訪談輔以問卷的數據分析後，本研究初步歸納學者與實務工作者的意見，認為技轉與育成整合之效益是存在的。其次，技轉與育成整合的關鍵因素在於「主管機關與校方政策支持」與「業務合作與分工之模式規劃明確」以及背後操縱著兩個關鍵要素的「人」的因素。技轉與育成兩機制的業務項目與服務能量大致上共同呈現的狀況是欠缺具專業性的核心價值。在技轉機制顯現的是技術的商業性評估能力與推廣能力不足，在育成機制部分則是商務支援能力的欠缺。兩機制整合方向應以下述方向進行：研究發展資訊之互動、專業諮詢能量的相互支援、親商業化服務能量的建立、教育訓練業務工作的整合。

Most of the discussions about university-industry cooperation are related to technology transfer or incubator, and the discussions related to these two mechanisms are rare in Taiwan. Taiwan government conducted the affairs of university-industry cooperation in ten years ago, and separated these affairs into several parts for different departments to be in charge. The problems of inefficiency arise from the separation and experts from government and academy point out the necessary of integration. Although we know the necessary of integration, but there are not enough discussions of how to integrate. Initially, this thesis is going to clarify the definition and the scale of “university-industry cooperation” in Taiwan. Then the discussions will focus on the effect of integration, the factors of successful integration, service items, the situation of overlapping and complementarities. This thesis concludes the opinions from experts as below. First, it is necessary to integrate. Second, the key factors of successful integration are the supports of policies from universities and government, the definitude of duty, and the importance of personnel, especially the director. Neither TTO nor incubator equips with professional services. TTO is lack of the capability of evaluation and active promotion and incubator is lack of the capability of commercialization supporting. The direction of integration should be the sharing of R&D information, the support of professional consultant, the improvement of capability of evaluation and commercialization, and the cooperation of training course.