多樣少量生產形態下VMI導入關鍵因子與供應商評選指標之研究－以EMS產業為例

Abstract

隨著全球供應鏈的轉變及最終消費者的消費習慣改變，使得製造體系也必須配合變革，在製造業中實施多年的VMI（Vendor Managed Inventory）方法，對專業電子製造服務EMS（Electronics Manufacturing Service）產業帶來了莫大效益，尤其是庫存資金的降低更為顯著。但近年來由於多樣少量的需求已取代了大量生產的模式，VMI方法之導入實施也面臨了如何與上下游供應商搭配，才可以使VMI之成效持續增大的問題。本論以EMS產業為例，透過文獻探討，歸納在多樣少量生產型態下，企業實施VMI之關鍵因子及供應商評選之指標，並透過問卷調查來探討其重要順序性，以供企業導入之參考，研究結果顯示：

1. EMS產業對配合導入VMI管理機制之第一階供應商，仍以品質為主要之要求因子，其次為交期。 2. 實施VMI機制之成功關鍵因素，主要來自於EMS產業及其第一階供應商雙方對VMI管理機制之執行落實程度。 3. EMS產業之第一階供應商，己具備在VMI管理機制下執行多樣少量生產形態的能力； EMS產業如何評選其第一階供應商之指標，相較於其他具少樣多量生產形態之產業，如何評選供應商之指標，並無顯著差異。

As the progressing of global supply chain and the changing of consumer behavior, the manufacturing industries have to change their business process accordingly. The VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory) Approach, which has been implemented in the manufacturing industries for many years, has brought great benefits to the EMS (Electronics Manufacturing Service) industry. The inventory was greatly reduced and the cash flow was much more increased. In recent years, HMLV (high mix low volume) production model arises and LMHV (low mix high volume) production model is replaced. When VMI approach is to be implemented by manufacturing companies, it is to reconsider how to have the partners, including suppliers and the channels cooperate with each other so as to expand the effects of implementing the VMI approach. This research is to study the critical successful factors of implementing VMI and the selection index of the suppliers. The EMS industry was used as an example, under HMLV production model, through questionnaire survey, in this paper, We found that：

1. “Quality” is still the most important factor when VMI approach is to be implemented. ”Delivery” is the second one. 2. The critical successful factor of implemented VMI for EMS industry and their suppliers depends on the resolution of how the VMI approach was executed. 3. The first-tier supplier of EMS industry has had the capability to execute the VMI under HMLV production model; there is no obvious difference between EMS industry and other industries in selecting their supplier under the HVLM (high volume low mix) production model.